# 1 Introduction
[NULL]

## 1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to specify the requirements for the development of a "Smart House" system, named DigitalHome (DH), by the DigitalHomeOwner Division of HomeOwner Inc. This system aims to provide home residents with an integrated home management solution that enhances their daily lives by combining security, environmental and energy management, entertainment, and communications. The initial version of DigitalHome will serve as a limited prototype to assist HomeOwner management in making informed business decisions regarding the future commercial development of DigitalHomeOwner products and services.

## 1.2 Scope
The software product to be produced is the DigitalHome (DH) system, a prototype smart home management system. The DH system will allow home users to manage devices that control the environment of a home, including temperature, humidity, security, and power to small appliances and lighting units. Users will interact with the system through a personal web page on the DigitalHome web server or a local home server, which communicates with sensor and controller devices via a home wireless gateway.

The application of the DH system is to provide a comprehensive home management solution that integrates security, environmental and energy management, entertainment, and communications. The primary objective is to create a prototype that will enable HomeOwner Inc. to make informed business decisions regarding the future commercial development of DigitalHomeOwner products and services. The system will be tested in a simulated environment, with all sensors and controllers being simulated, to ensure realistic adherence to the physical properties and constraints of an actual home.

## 1.3 Product overview
[NULL]

### 1.3.1 Product perspective
The DigitalHome (DH) system is a prototype smart home management system designed to integrate with household devices to manage environmental conditions, security, and small appliances. It is part of a larger system that includes sensors, controllers, and a home web server, all interconnected through a home wireless gateway device. The DH system interfaces with these components to provide a cohesive home management solution.

#### System interfaces
- **Home Web Server**: Acts as the communication center, allowing users to monitor and control home devices.
- **DH Gateway Device**: Connects to the home’s broadband Internet and uses wireless communication to interface with home devices.

#### User interfaces
- Users interact with the system through a personal web page on the DH web server or a local home server, using web-ready devices such as computers, cell phones, or PDAs.

#### Hardware interfaces
- The system supports various environmental controllers and sensors, including thermostats, humidistats, contact sensors, and power switches, all communicating wirelessly with the master control unit.

#### Software interfaces
- The DH system requires an operating system capable of hosting a web server and supporting wireless communication protocols. Specific software products or versions are not detailed.

#### Communications interfaces
- The system interfaces with local network protocols through the DH Gateway Device, which includes an RF Module for wireless communication with other DigitalHome devices.

#### Memory constraints
- [N/A]

#### Operations
- The system supports both user-initiated operations through web interfaces and automated operations based on preset parameters. Backup and recovery operations are incorporated to ensure data integrity.

#### Site adaptation requirements
- The system is designed to operate in a simulated environment, with no specific site adaptation requirements for physical installations.

#### Interfaces with services
- [N/A]

### 1.3.2 Product functions
The DigitalHome system is designed to provide a comprehensive home management solution, integrating various functionalities to enhance the living experience. The major functions of the DigitalHome software include:

- **Environmental Control**: The system allows users to monitor and control the temperature and humidity within their home using programmable thermostats and humidistats. Users can set desired temperature and humidity levels and schedule changes throughout the day.

- **Security Management**: The system includes a security feature that manages contact sensors on doors and windows and activates alarms in case of a security breach. Users can monitor and control these security features remotely.

- **Appliance Management**: Users can manage small appliances and lighting units by turning them on or off through the system. The system supports up to one hundred power switches, providing detailed control over household devices.

- **User Interface**: The system provides a web-based interface accessible via computers, cell phones, or PDAs, allowing users to interact with and control the home environment remotely.

- **Planning and Reporting**: The DigitalHome system includes a planner that allows users to set home parameters for specific time periods and generate reports on home management activities, including environmental conditions and security events.

These functions are designed to work together seamlessly, providing users with a unified platform for managing their home environment efficiently and effectively.

### 1.3.3 User characteristics
The intended users of the DigitalHome system include general users and DigitalHome Technicians. 

- **General Users**: 
  - Familiar with the layout of their home and the location of sensor and control devices.
  - Not familiar with the technical features of the DH system but can perform simple web operations such as logging in, logging out, browsing web pages, and submitting information and requests via a web interface.
  - A Master User, a type of general user, can change system configurations, add user accounts, and modify default parameter settings.

- **DigitalHome Technicians**:
  - Responsible for setting up and maintaining the configuration of the DH system.
  - Experienced with hardware, software, and web services associated with systems like the DH system.
  - Specially trained by DigitalHomeOwner to be familiar with the functionality, architecture, and operation of the DH system product.
  - Have rights beyond the general user, capable of setting up and making changes in the configuration of the system, and starting and stopping operation of the DH System. 

These characteristics influence the usability of the system, as the general users require a user-friendly interface, while technicians need access to more advanced configuration options.

### 1.3.4 Limitations
- The "prototype" version of the DigitalHome System must be completed within twelve months of inception.
- The development team will consist of five engineers, with management and communication support provided by the DigitalHomeOwner Director.
- The development process specified by Digital HomeOwner Inc. must be used.
- Widely used, accepted, and available hardware and software technology and standards should be employed where possible.
- The cost of DigitalHome elements should be minimized due to potential market competition.
- The DH system will be tested in a simulated environment, with no actual physical home and all sensors and controllers simulated.
- Major changes to the requirements must be approved by the Director of the DigitalHomeOwner Division.
- The system requires an Internet Service Provider (ISP) that is widely available, such as cable modem or high-speed DSL.
- The DH Gateway device must operate within a 1000-foot range for indoor transmission.
- The system must adhere to the standards, policies, and procedures of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).
- The DigitalHome System must be highly reliable, with no more than 1 failure per 10,000 hours of operation.
- The system must incorporate backup and recovery mechanisms.
- High system reliability is crucial to ensure no failures in carrying out user requests, which might affect the safety of home dwellers.
- The DigitalHome web system must provide for authentication and information encryption through a recognized reliable and effective security technology, such as Transport Layer Security.
- The development of the DH system must use methods and techniques to support system maintenance, including documentation of requirements, design, and code, and adherence to IEEE standards and the HomeOwner Coding Standard.
- All modules and components of the prototype version must be designed and implemented to be incorporated into a fully specified commercial version of the DigitalHome System.
- Object-oriented development using UML 2.0 is the preferred method for software development, with exceptions requiring approval by the CIO.

## 1.4 Definitions
- **ASHRAE**: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers.
- **Authentication**: Any process by which it is verified that someone is who they claim they are, typically involving submission and verification of a username and a password.
- **Broadband Internet**: A high data rate Internet access, typically contrasted with slower dial-up access.
- **DH (Digital Home)**: The name of the prototype smart home product that is produced by DigitalHomeOwner.
- **DigitalHomeOwner**: The division of HomeOwner Inc. responsible for producing DigitalHome products.
- **DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)**: A family of technologies that provides digital data transmission over the wires of a local telephone network.
- **Encryption**: The process of transforming information (referred to as plaintext) using an algorithm (called cipher) to make it unreadable to anyone except those possessing special knowledge, usually referred to as a key.
- **FAQ**: Frequently asked question.
- **Gateway Device**: A home networking device used to connect devices in the home to the Internet or other Wide Area Networks.
- **HomeOwner Inc.**: The largest national retail chain serving the needs of homeowners in building, furnishing, repairing, and improving their homes.
- **HVAC**: Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning.
- **Humidistat**: An instrument that measures and controls relative humidity.
- **ISP**: Internet Service Provider.
- **PDA**: Personal Digital Assistant.
- **RF**: Radio Frequency.
- **Security Breach**: An external act that bypasses or contravenes the digital home security system. For example, if an intruder opens a door where the contact sensor is set to “on”, the system will sense a ‘security breach”.
- **Set Point**: A numeric value that establishes the desired value of an environmental quality (e.g., a temperature value of 70° F).
- **SRS**: Software Requirements Specification.
- **Transport Layer Security**: Cryptographic protocols that provide security for communications over networks such as the Internet.

# 2 References
## Compliance

- **[IEEE830]** IEEE Std 830-1998, IEEE Recommended Practice for Software Requirements Specifications, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1998.
- **[IEEE 1008]** ANSI/IEEE Std 1008-1987, IEEE Standard for Software Unit Testing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1987.
- **[IEEE1016]** IEEE Std 1016-2009, IEEE Standard for Information Technology - Systems Design - Software Design Descriptions, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 2009.
- **[IEEE1028]** IEEE Std 1028-2008, IEEE Standard for Software Reviews and Audits, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 2008.

## Guidance

- **[ASHRAE 2010]** Website for American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, accessed October 2010, http://www.ashrae.org/.
- **[HLRD 2010]** DigitalHomeOwner Division, Digital Home High Level Requirements Definition, Homeowner Inc., September 2010.
- **[HO2305]** Sykes, J., and Rook, R., Guidelines for Developing HomeOwner Technical Reports, HO2305., Homeowner Inc., March 2002.
- **[HO4710]** Kramer, S., HomeOwner Coding Standard, HO4710., Homeowner Inc., August 2009.
- **[HO2010]** Digital Home Use Case Model, HomeOwner Inc, DigitalHomeOwner Division, October 24, 2010.
- **[Meyer 2004]** Meyer, G., Smart Home Hacks: Tips & Tools for Automating Your House, O’Reilly, 2004.

# 3 Requirements
[NULL]

## 3.1 Functions
The DigitalHome System is designed to manage and control various home environment parameters through a web interface. The fundamental actions include:

- **Input Processing and Validity Checks:**
  - The system accepts inputs from web-ready devices (computers, cell phones, PDAs) to control home temperature, humidity, lights, security, and small appliances.
  - Validity checks ensure that inputs such as temperature and humidity settings are within specified ranges (e.g., thermostat temperatures between 60°F and 80°F, humidity levels between 30% and 60%).

- **Sequence of Operations:**
  - Users can monitor and control home devices through a DH home web server, which acts as the communication center.
  - The DH Gateway Device connects to the home’s broadband Internet and uses wireless communication to interact with home devices.

- **Responses to Abnormal Situations:**
  - The system incorporates exception handling to provide clear, descriptive messages to users when errors or exceptional conditions occur.
  - Backup and recovery mechanisms are in place to restore system data in case of failures due to power loss, internet access issues, or hardware/software faults.

- **Effect of Parameters:**
  - Parameters such as temperature and humidity set points directly affect the operation of thermostats and humidistats, controlling the home environment accordingly.

- **Relationship of Outputs to Inputs:**
  - The system reads sensor values and saves them in the home database, allowing users to monitor current conditions.
  - Controller values are sent to devices to adjust the home environment based on user inputs.

The system supports up to eight thermostats and humidistats, fifty contact sensors, and one hundred power switches, allowing for comprehensive home management.

## 3.2 Performance requirements
The DigitalHome System shall meet the following performance requirements:

- Displays of environmental conditions, including temperature, humidity, contact sensors, and power switches, shall be updated at least every two seconds.
- Sensors, such as those for temperature, humidity, contact sensors, and power state, shall have a minimum data acquisition rate of 10 Hz.
- An environmental sensor or controller device must be within 1000 feet of the master control device to maintain communication with the system.
- The system must be highly reliable, with no more than 1 failure per 10,000 hours of operation.

## 3.3 Usability requirements
[N/A]

## 3.5 Logical database requirements
[N/A]

## 3.6 Design constraints
The design of the DigitalHome system is subject to several constraints:

- The prototype version of the DigitalHome System must be completed within twelve months of inception.
- The development team will consist of five engineers, with management and communication support provided by the DigitalHomeOwner Director.
- The development process specified by Digital HomeOwner Inc. must be followed.
- Widely used, accepted, and available hardware and software technology and standards should be employed for product elements and development tools.
- The cost of DigitalHome elements (sensors, controllers, server, tools, etc.) should be minimized due to potential market competition.
- Major changes to the requirements must be approved by the Director of the DigitalHomeOwner Division.
- The system will be tested in a simulated environment, adhering to the physical properties and constraints of an actual home and real sensors and controllers.
- The system shall adhere to the standards, policies, and procedures of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).

## 3.7 Software system attributes
### Reliability
The DigitalHome System must be highly reliable, with no more than 1 failure per 10,000 hours of operation. The system shall incorporate backup and recovery mechanisms to ensure data integrity and system reliability.

### Availability
The system will include backup and recovery mechanisms. The DH System will back up all system data (configuration, default parameter settings, planning, and usage data) on a daily basis, with the backup time set by the DH Technician at system setup. If the system fails due to power loss, loss of internet access, or other software or hardware failure, the recovery mechanism shall restore system data from the most recent backup.

### Security
Upon installation, a DigitalHome user account shall be established. The DigitalHome web system shall provide for authentication and information encryption through a recognized reliable and effective security technology, such as Transport Layer Security. Logging into an account shall require entry of an account name and a password.

### Maintainability
The development of the DH system shall use methods and techniques to support system maintenance, including documentation of requirements, design, and code; use of abstraction, information hiding, and module independence in system design; and adherence to IEEE standards and the HomeOwner Coding Standard. Although the product produced under this document will be a prototype version, all modules and components shall be designed and implemented in a manner that allows incorporation into a fully specified commercial version of the DigitalHome System.

### Portability
[N/A]

## 3.8 Supporting information
[N/A]

# 4 Verification
[NULL]

## 4.1 Functions
[N/A]

## 4.2 Performance requirements
The verification of performance requirements for the DigitalHome System will focus on ensuring that the system meets the specified static and dynamic numerical requirements. The following approaches and methods will be employed:

- **Display Update Verification**: The system will be tested to ensure that displays of environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, contact sensors, and power switches) are updated at least every two seconds. This will be verified through automated testing scripts that simulate real-time data updates and measure the display refresh rate.

- **Sensor Data Acquisition Rate Verification**: The system will be verified to ensure that sensors (temperature, humidity, contact sensor, power state) have a minimum data acquisition rate of 10 Hz. This will be tested by simulating sensor data input and measuring the rate at which the system processes this data.

- **Communication Range Verification**: The system will be tested to ensure that an environmental sensor or controller device can communicate with the master control device within a 1000-foot range. This will involve setting up test scenarios in a controlled environment to measure the effective communication range.

These verification methods will ensure that the DigitalHome System meets its performance requirements, providing reliable and timely updates and interactions for users.

## 4.3 Usability requirements
[N/A]

## 4.5 Logical database requirements
[N/A]

## 4.6 Design constraints
The verification of design constraints for the DigitalHome system will involve ensuring compliance with the specified constraints and standards. The following approaches and methods will be used:

- **Prototype Completion Timeline**: Verification will ensure that the prototype version of the DigitalHome System is completed within the specified twelve-month timeframe from inception.

- **Team Composition**: Verification will confirm that the development team consists of five engineers, with management and communication support provided by the DigitalHomeOwner Director.

- **Development Process**: Verification will ensure adherence to the development process specified by DigitalHomeOwner Inc.

- **Technology and Standards**: Verification will check that widely used, accepted, and available hardware and software technology and standards are employed for product elements and development tools.

- **Cost Minimization**: Verification will include a review of efforts to minimize costs, including price comparisons between DigitalHome elements and comparable/competitive elements.

- **Simulated Environment Testing**: Verification will ensure that the DH system is tested in a realistic simulated environment that adheres to the physical properties and constraints of an actual home and real sensors and controllers.

- **Approval of Major Changes**: Verification will confirm that any major changes to the document, such as changes in requirements, are approved by the Director of the DigitalHomeOwner Division. 

These verification methods will ensure that the design constraints are met and that the system is developed in compliance with the specified requirements and standards.

## 4.7 Software system attributes
The verification of software system attributes will focus on ensuring that the DigitalHome System meets the specified requirements for reliability, availability, security, maintainability, and portability.

### Reliability
- Verification will include testing to ensure the system does not exceed 1 failure per 10,000 hours of operation.
- Backup and recovery mechanisms will be tested to ensure daily backups are performed and that the system can recover from failures using the most recent backup.

### Availability
- The system's ability to perform daily backups and recover from failures will be verified to ensure a defined availability level is maintained.

### Security
- Verification will include testing the authentication process and encryption methods to ensure they meet security requirements.
- The system will be tested to ensure that user accounts are established securely and that login requires a valid account name and password.

### Maintainability
- The system will be verified for adherence to documentation standards, use of abstraction, information hiding, and module independence.
- Compliance with IEEE standards and the HomeOwner Coding Standard will be verified to support system maintenance.

### Portability
- Verification will include ensuring the use of object-oriented development and UML 2.0 as specified by HomeOwner Inc.
- The system will be tested for compatibility with different host machines and operating systems, ensuring minimal host-dependent code. 

Verification methods will include unit testing, integration testing, and system testing to ensure all software system attributes meet the specified requirements.

# 5 Appendices
[NULL]

## 5.1 Assumptions and dependencies
- The DigitalHome system will be developed as a prototype to aid in business decision-making for future commercial products.
- The system will operate in a simulated environment, with no actual physical home or sensors and controllers.
- The development team will consist of five engineers, with management and communication support provided by the DigitalHomeOwner Director.
- The development process will follow the specifications set by DigitalHomeOwner Inc.
- Widely used, accepted, and available hardware and software technology and standards will be employed where possible.
- The cost of DigitalHome elements should be minimized due to potential market competition.
- The system will require an Internet Service Provider (ISP) that is widely available, such as cable modem or high-speed DSL.
- The DH system will be tested in a simulated environment that adheres to the physical properties and constraints of an actual home.
- Major changes to the requirements must be approved by the Director of the DigitalHomeOwner Division.
- The system will incorporate backup and recovery mechanisms to ensure data integrity.
- The DigitalHome system will use wireless communication for interaction between the master control unit and environmental sensors and controllers.
- The system will adhere to the standards, policies, and procedures of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).
- The development will use object-oriented methods and UML 2.0 as the preferred development approach, unless exceptions are approved by the CIO.
- The system will provide online documentation for users, including FAQs and instructions on setting parameters and using the DH Planner.
- The system will incorporate exception handling to provide clear, descriptive messages to users when errors occur.
- The DigitalHome web system will provide authentication and information encryption through recognized security technologies like Transport Layer Security.
- The system will support both Fahrenheit and Celsius temperature values and be compatible with centralized HVAC systems.

## 5.2 Acronyms and abbreviations
- ASHRAE: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
- Authentication: Any process by which it is verified that someone is who they claim they are, typically involving submission and verification of a username and a password.
- Broadband Internet: A high data rate Internet access, typically contrasted with slower dial-up access.
- DH: Digital Home, the name of the prototype smart home product produced by DigitalHomeOwner.
- DigitalHomeOwner: The division of HomeOwner Inc. responsible for producing DigitalHome products.
- DSL: Digital Subscriber Line, a family of technologies that provides digital data transmission over the wires of a local telephone network.
- Encryption: The process of transforming information (plaintext) using an algorithm (cipher) to make it unreadable to anyone except those possessing special knowledge, usually referred to as a key.
- FAQ: Frequently Asked Question.
- Gateway Device: A home networking device used to connect devices in the home to the Internet or other Wide Area Networks.
- HomeOwner Inc.: The largest national retail chain serving the needs of homeowners in building, furnishing, repairing, and improving their homes.
- HVAC: Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning.
- Humidistat: An instrument that measures and controls relative humidity.
- ISP: Internet Service Provider.
- PDA: Personal Digital Assistant.
- RF: Radio Frequency.
- Security Breach: An external act that bypasses or contravenes the digital home security system. For example, if an intruder opens a door where the contact sensor is set to “on”, the system will sense a ‘security breach’.
- Set Point: A numeric value that establishes the desired value of an environmental quality (e.g., a temperature value of 70°F).
- SRS: Software Requirements Specification.
- Transport Layer Security: Cryptographic protocols that provide security for communications over networks such as the Internet.
