## Causal Mediation Analysis

Outcome variable: NAFLD Exposure variable: CUNBAE Control value = 18.7773853706237 ; Treat value = 29.5930704974145 Mediator variable: METS Generalized linear model for outcome with link function = probit Adjusting variables: Nonparametric Bootstrap (resamples=1000) Confidence Intervals with the Percentile Method

| Estimate | 95% CI lower | 95% CI upper | P-value
Total effect | 0.085198 | 0.077313 | 0.093475 | <0.0001
Mediation effect (control) | 0.001090 | 0.000581 | 0.001618 | <0.0001
Mediation effect (treated) | 0.001733 | 0.000947 | 0.002562 | <0.0001
Direct effect (control) | 0.083465 | 0.075482 | 0.091696 | <0.0001
Direct effect (treated) | 0.084108 | 0.076044 | 0.092295 | <0.0001
Propotion mediated (control) | 0.012789 | 0.006759 | 0.019082 | <0.0001
Propotion mediated (treated) | 0.020342 | 0.010952 | 0.030051 | <0.0001
Mediation effect (average) | 0.001411 | 0.000767 | 0.002088 | <0.0001
Direct effect (average) | 0.083787 | 0.075752 | 0.091998 | <0.0001
Propotion mediated (average) | 0.016565 | 0.008889 | 0.024566 | <0.0001

Correlation of residuals from mediator model with residuals from outcome model: 0.014562 Sample size used: 14788 Reference: Imai, K., Keele, L., and Tingley, D. (2010b). A general approach to causal mediation analysis. Psychological Methods, 15(4), 309–334. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/mediation/vignettes/mediation-old.pdf Created by EmpowerStats (www.empowerstats.com) and R on 2025-09-15