Supplementary Data for the Western Pyrenees: Geophysical Modeling and Natural Hydrogen Production Estimates – PoNHy Model Output This file is the output of the PoNHy code, containing detailed results from a combined geophysical inversion and thermodynamic simulation to estimate the volume of serpentinized rocks, their petrophysical properties, and the potential H₂ generation in the Pyrenees. It includes model configuration, flow and fracturing parameters, hydrogen production calculations without and with water solubility constraints, and a summary of efficiencies and annual production volumes under different scenarios. ====================================================================================================================================================== 1.0. DEEP FLOW TARGET ====================================================================================================================================================== 98.19% of samples meet or exceed the flow target. SUCCESS: The designed fault network can sustain the target flow of 5.00e+05 liters/day. ====================================================================================================================================================== 2.0. PERFORMING INVERSION ====================================================================================================================================================== Computing sensitivities to local ram [########################################] | 100% Completed | 7.40 s [########################################] | 100% Completed | 29.18 s Running inversion with SimPEG v0.22.2 simpeg.InvProblem is setting bfgsH0 to the inverse of the eval2Deriv. ***Done using the default solver Pardiso and no solver_opts.*** Alpha scales: [136359723.6744589, 0.0, 139618422.71703106, 0.0, 104398777.28711066, 0.0, 13740688558.194384, 0.0, 13636609652.214561, 0.0, 11471363201.55103, 0.0] Initial data misfit scales: [0.15124959 0.84875041] model has any nan: 0 =============================== Projected GNCG =============================== # beta phi_d phi_m f |proj(x-g)-x| LS Comment ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- x0 has any nan: 0 0 1.48e-09 7.87e+05 4.74e+13 8.57e+05 3.79e+02 0 geophys. misfits: 14599.0 (target 2856.0 [False]); 41677.6 (target 2856.0 [False]) | smallness misfit: 2273724.6 (target: 779508.0 [False]) Beta cooling evaluation: progress: [14599. 41677.6]; minimum progress targets: [4284. 4284.] Decreasing beta to counter data misfit decrase plateau. mref changed in 163883 places 1 1.19e-09 3.76e+04 1.14e+13 5.11e+04 3.16e+02 0 geophys. misfits: 2887.1 (target 2856.0 [False]); 4275.3 (target 2856.0 [False]) | smallness misfit: 1083457.0 (target: 779508.0 [False]) Beta cooling evaluation: progress: [2887.1 4275.3]; minimum progress targets: [4284. 4284.] Decreasing beta to counter data misfit decrase plateau. mref changed in 4214 places 2 9.49e-10 4.07e+03 4.53e+12 8.36e+03 1.58e+02 0 geophys. misfits: 2428.7 (target 2856.0 [True]); 883.5 (target 2856.0 [True]) | smallness misfit: 991712.0 (target: 779508.0 [False]) Beta cooling evaluation: progress: [2428.7 883.5]; minimum progress targets: [4284. 4284.] Warming alpha_pgi to favor clustering: 2.20420346617283 mref changed in 2513 places 3 9.49e-10 1.12e+03 8.65e+12 9.32e+03 1.69e+02 0 Skip BFGS geophys. misfits: 4697.8 (target 2856.0 [False]); 472.6 (target 2856.0 [True]) | smallness misfit: 852962.6 (target: 779508.0 [False]) Updating scaling for data misfits by 6.04303833729007 New scales: [0.51850983 0.48149017] Beta cooling evaluation: progress: [4697.8 472.6]; minimum progress targets: [4284. 4284.] Decreasing beta to counter data misfit increase. mref changed in 712 places 4 7.59e-10 2.66e+03 7.77e+12 8.56e+03 3.93e+02 0 geophys. misfits: 949.9 (target 2856.0 [True]); 329.0 (target 2856.0 [True]) | smallness misfit: 837828.3 (target: 779508.0 [False]) Beta cooling evaluation: progress: [949.9 329. ]; minimum progress targets: [4284. 4284.] Warming alpha_pgi to favor clustering: 12.881020356518961 mref changed in 559 places 5 7.59e-10 6.51e+02 4.87e+13 3.76e+04 3.28e+02 0 geophys. misfits: 5680.4 (target 2856.0 [False]); 2267.4 (target 2856.0 [True]) | smallness misfit: 755223.6 (target: 779508.0 [True]) Updating scaling for data misfits by 1.2596157020284002 New scales: [0.575635 0.424365] Beta cooling evaluation: progress: [5680.4 2267.4]; minimum progress targets: [4284. 4284.] Decreasing beta to counter data misfit increase. mref changed in 0 places 6 6.07e-10 4.23e+03 4.10e+13 2.91e+04 3.10e+02 0 geophys. misfits: 4051.5 (target 2856.0 [False]); 766.8 (target 2856.0 [True]) | smallness misfit: 756709.0 (target: 779508.0 [True]) Updating scaling for data misfits by 3.724638189736393 New scales: [0.83477438 0.16522562] Beta cooling evaluation: progress: [4051.5 766.8]; minimum progress targets: [4284. 4284.] mref changed in 0 places 7 6.07e-10 3.51e+03 4.23e+13 2.92e+04 3.33e+02 0 geophys. misfits: 2678.5 (target 2856.0 [True]); 522.1 (target 2856.0 [True]) | smallness misfit: 763046.5 (target: 779508.0 [True]) All targets have been reached Beta cooling evaluation: progress: [2678.5 522.1]; minimum progress targets: [4284. 4284.] Warming alpha_pgi to favor clustering: 42.09609545188762 mref changed in 0 places Add mref to Smoothness. Changes in mref happened in 0.0 % of the cells ------------------------- STOP! ------------------------- 1 : |fc-fOld| = 0.0000e+00 <= tolF*(1+|f0|) = 8.5744e+04 1 : |xc-x_last| = 1.3551e+00 <= tolX*(1+|x0|) = 1.1950e+01 0 : |proj(x-g)-x| = 3.3272e+02 <= tolG = 1.0000e-01 0 : |proj(x-g)-x| = 3.3272e+02 <= 1e3*eps = 1.0000e-02 0 : maxIter = 25 <= iter = 8 ------------------------- DONE! ------------------------- ================================================================================================================================== 3. INVERSION CONFIGURATION SUMMARY ================================================================================================================================== --------------------------------------------------- Topography and Data Files ---------------------------------------------------- Topography file : /home/christiansen/Python/Pyrenees/Ext_Data/Ext_Topo.txt Gravity data file : /home/christiansen/Python/Pyrenees/Ext_Data/Ext_Grav.txt Magnetic data file : /home/christiansen/Python/Pyrenees/Ext_Data/Ext_Mag_down.txt --------------------------------------------------------- Survey Details --------------------------------------------------------- Gravity receiver components : ['gz'] Magnetic receiver components : ['tmi'] Magnetic field strength [nT] : 45000 Inclination / Declination [°] : 90, 0 -------------------------------------------------------- Mesh Parameters --------------------------------------------------------- Mesh dimensions (nx, ny, nz) : (125, 76, 43) Total extent (X, Y, Z) [m] : (93750.00, 57000.00, 21500.00) Core cell size (dx, dy, dz) [m] : (750.00, 750.00, 500.00) Padding expansion (X, Y) [m] : 4261.36 (X), 2590.91 (Y) -------------------------------------------------------- Model Parameters -------------------------------------------------------- Initial model : Used Initial model file : /home/christiansen/Python/Pyrenees/Ext_Data/Updated_Geology_Pyrenees.csv --------------------------------------------------------- Uncertainties ---------------------------------------------------------- Gravity uncertainty [%] / abs [mGal] : 2.00% = 0.98 Magnetic uncertainty [%] / abs [nT] : 2.00% = 2.98385 -------------------------------------------- Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) Parameters --------------------------------------------- Physical property means per unit: · Crust -> Density: 2.60 g/cc, Susceptibility: 0.00100 SI · Serpentinite -> Density: 2.85 g/cc, Susceptibility: 0.03000 SI · Mantle -> Density: 3.05 g/cc, Susceptibility: 0.00010 SI Dispersion per unit: · Crust -> σ_density: 0.07, σ_susc: 0.00300 · Serpentinite -> σ_density: 0.04, σ_susc: 0.00500 · Mantle -> σ_density: 0.04, σ_susc: 0.00300 ------------------------------------------------- PGI Regularization Parameters -------------------------------------------------- alpha_pgi : 1.00 alpha_x/y/z : (1.00, 1.00, 1.00) alpha_xx/yy/zz : (0.00, 0.00, 0.00) ------------------------------------------------------ Directive Parameters ------------------------------------------------------ Alpha0 ratio : [0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 ] Beta estimate ratio : 1.00e-03 Beta cooling factor : 1.25 Beta tolerance : 0.50 Target misfit tolerance : True MrefInSmooth wait till stable : True Update GMM in smallness : False Scaling init chi0_ratio : [5.e-04 1.e+02] ---------------------------------------------- Fracturing of the Serpentinite Rocks ---------------------------------------------- Fracture spacing in X [m] : 1.00 Fracture spacing in Y [m] : 1.00 Fracture spacing in Z [m] : 1.00 ====================================================================================================================================================== 4. SUMMARY OF VOLUMES AND DEGREE OF SERPENTINIZATION ====================================================================================================================================================== -------------------------------------------------------- Fracturing of the Serpentinite Rocks -------------------------------------------------------- Estimated volume of serpentinite rocks: 2744.44 km³ Estimated volume at correct temperature window (100 to 500°C): 2742.75 km³ Avg density: 2.91 g/cm³ Avg susceptibility: 0.030022 SI Partial volumes and serpentinization degree -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Temp Range Volume Depth Serp. Correction [°C] [km³] [m] [%] [-] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100_125 0.56 3500-4500 47 0.66 125_150 0.00 4500-5500 47 0.66 150_175 0.00 5500-6500 47 0.66 175_200 0.00 6500-7000 47 0.66 200_225 1.41 7000-8000 47 0.66 225_250 55.41 8000-9000 47 0.66 250_275 23.62 9000-10000 47 0.66 275_300 111.94 10000-11000 47 0.66 300_325 444.38 11000-12000 47 0.66 325_350 406.12 12000-13000 47 0.66 350_375 217.12 13000-14000 47 0.66 375_400 185.62 14000-15000 47 0.66 400_425 274.50 15000-16000 47 0.66 425_450 407.53 16500-17500 47 0.66 450_475 423.56 17000-18500 47 0.66 475_500 190.97 18500-19500 47 0.66 Descriptions: Temp Range : Temperature interval associated with each block Volume : Volume of serpentinite rock at that temperature range Depth : Minimum and maximum depths corresponding to the temperature range Serp. [%] : Estimated percentage of rock affected by serpentinization Correction : Reduction factor to account for incomplete serpentinization [0–1] ----------------------------------------------------------- Average serpentinite rock data ----------------------------------------------------------- Estimated reduction of the blocks 'serpentinization degree': From inversion: Avg: 47.50% ================================================================================================================================== 5. ROCK DATABASE: Lithology: LH1 | W/R Ratio = 0.16 ================================================================================================================================== Composition in %: Al2O3=4.46 CaO=2.65 CoO=0.00 Cr2O3=0.00 FeO=7.86 Fe2O3=0.00 H2O=0.00 K2O=0.00 MnO=0.00 MgO=40.13 Na2O=0.16 NiO=0.00 P2 O5=0.00 SiO2=44.75 TiO2=0.00 Reacting fluid: Pure water ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Temp Range Pressure mol/kg H₂ n_H₂ V_H₂ n_H₂O_sol ρ H₂O [°C] [bar] [mol/kg] [mol] [m³] [mol] [kg/m³] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100_125 387.1 6.95e-02 7.87e-03 7.49e-01 7.32e-01 966.0 125_150 476.1 8.67e-02 9.82e-03 8.26e-01 7.26e-01 951.3 150_175 576.6 1.51e-01 1.71e-02 1.31e+00 7.05e-01 935.3 175_200 678.5 1.98e-01 2.23e-02 1.59e+00 6.89e-01 918.1 200_225 782.9 2.06e-01 2.32e-02 1.57e+00 6.86e-01 900.1 225_250 925.4 2.09e-01 2.35e-02 1.51e+00 6.85e-01 881.3 250_275 1080.5 2.22e-01 2.50e-02 1.45e+00 6.81e-01 868.4 275_300 1248.9 2.33e-01 2.62e-02 1.48e+00 6.77e-01 849.2 300_325 1433.9 4.61e-02 5.20e-03 2.70e-01 6.03e-01 836.8 325_350 1634.0 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 5.09e-01 824.9 350_375 1849.7 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 4.93e-01 813.7 375_400 2082.0 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 4.90e-01 810.0 400_425 2364.4 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 4.84e-01 806.9 425_450 2709.4 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 4.76e-01 804.3 450_475 3084.5 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 3.96e-01 808.1 475_500 3496.1 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 3.53e-01 811.7 Descriptions: mol/kg rock : Hydrogen generated per unit mass of rock n_H₂ : Total hydrogen amount in moles V_H₂ : Total hydrogen volume in cubic meters n_H₂O_sol : Water moles incorporated into the solid phase (serpentinization) ρ H₂O : Water density at given pressure and temperature [kg/m³] --------------------------------------------------- Estimated front velocities --------------------------------------------------- Using reference bin: '300_325' (312.5 °C) Units of cm/day 100_125 : min = 7.59e-06, avg = 1.92e-05, max = 3.07e-05 125_150 : min = 9.47e-06, avg = 2.39e-05, max = 3.83e-05 150_175 : min = 1.65e-05, avg = 4.18e-05, max = 6.70e-05 175_200 : min = 2.16e-05, avg = 5.45e-05, max = 8.73e-05 200_225 : min = 2.25e-05, avg = 5.68e-05, max = 9.11e-05 225_250 : min = 2.28e-05, avg = 5.76e-05, max = 9.23e-05 250_275 : min = 2.43e-05, avg = 6.12e-05, max = 9.82e-05 275_300 : min = 2.54e-05, avg = 6.42e-05, max = 1.03e-04 300_325 : min = 5.04e-06, avg = 1.27e-05, max = 2.04e-05 325_350 : min = 0.00e+00, avg = 0.00e+00, max = 0.00e+00 350_375 : min = 0.00e+00, avg = 0.00e+00, max = 0.00e+00 375_400 : min = 0.00e+00, avg = 0.00e+00, max = 0.00e+00 400_425 : min = 0.00e+00, avg = 0.00e+00, max = 0.00e+00 425_450 : min = 0.00e+00, avg = 0.00e+00, max = 0.00e+00 450_475 : min = 0.00e+00, avg = 0.00e+00, max = 0.00e+00 475_500 : min = 0.00e+00, avg = 0.00e+00, max = 0.00e+00 ====================================================================================================================================================== 6.0. PARAMETERS FOR WATER FLOW & SERPENTINIZATION ====================================================================================================================================================== Target flow to sustain reaction: 5.00e+05 L/day Internal fracture spacing: 0.05 m Fracture permeability: 1.0e-20 m² Porosity at serpentinization front: 0.08 Serpentinite density: 2,910 kg/m³ Water-rock ratio (W/R): 0.16 Fault segment length (L_fault): 50,000 m Lithostatic reference density: 2700 kg/m³ Gravity acceleration: 9.81 m/s² Simulation duration: 1 year(s) Lithology code used: LH1 Molar mass of H₂: 0.00201588 kg/mol Molar mass of H₂O: 0.01801528 kg/mol ====================================================================================================================================================== 7. H2 ESTIMATION NO SATURATION ====================================================================================================================================================== H₂ Generation Daily Parameters NOT considering water saturation >>> MIN CASE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Temp Pressure Solubility H2O front H2O abs H₂ Diss H₂ Gas Daily H₂ Daily H₂ Annual H₂ Sat ratio [°C] [MPa] [mol/kg] [kg/day] [kg/day] [mol/day] [mol/day] [mol/day] [kg/day] [ton/year] [-] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100_125 38.71 1.99e-01 1.3e+04 6.5e+03 1.3e+03 3.3e+04 3.41e+04 6.87e+01 25.07 26.1 125_150 47.61 2.45e-01 - - - - - - - inf 150_175 57.66 2.96e-01 - - - - - - - inf 175_200 67.85 3.48e-01 - - - - - - - inf 200_225 78.29 4.01e-01 9.0e+04 4.5e+04 1.8e+04 7.3e+05 7.48e+05 1.51e+03 550.71 41.5 225_250 92.54 4.74e-01 3.5e+06 1.8e+06 8.2e+05 2.9e+07 3.03e+07 6.11e+04 22295.92 37.1 250_275 108.05 5.53e-01 1.6e+06 8.1e+05 4.2e+05 1.4e+07 1.46e+07 2.95e+04 10756.00 34.6 275_300 124.89 6.39e-01 7.6e+06 4.0e+06 2.3e+06 7.4e+07 7.62e+07 1.54e+05 56050.49 32.7 300_325 143.39 7.33e-01 5.9e+06 2.8e+06 2.3e+06 9.6e+06 1.19e+07 2.39e+04 8731.68 5.2 325_350 163.40 8.35e-01 - - - - - - - inf 350_375 184.97 9.45e-01 - - - - - - - inf 375_400 208.20 1.06e+00 - - - - - - - inf 400_425 236.44 1.21e+00 - - - - - - - inf 425_450 270.94 1.38e+00 - - - - - - - inf 450_475 308.45 1.58e+00 - - - - - - - inf 475_500 349.61 1.79e+00 - - - - - - - inf >>> AVG CASE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Temp Pressure Solubility H2O front H2O abs H₂ Diss H₂ Gas Daily H₂ Daily H₂ Annual H₂ Sat ratio [°C] [MPa] [mol/kg] [kg/day] [kg/day] [mol/day] [mol/day] [mol/day] [kg/day] [ton/year] [-] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100_125 38.71 1.99e-01 3.3e+04 1.6e+04 3.3e+03 8.3e+04 8.60e+04 1.73e+02 63.27 26.1 125_150 47.61 2.45e-01 - - - - - - - inf 150_175 57.66 2.96e-01 - - - - - - - inf 175_200 67.85 3.48e-01 - - - - - - - inf 200_225 78.29 4.01e-01 2.3e+05 1.1e+05 4.6e+04 1.8e+06 1.89e+06 3.81e+03 1389.88 41.5 225_250 92.54 4.74e-01 8.9e+06 4.5e+06 2.1e+06 7.4e+07 7.65e+07 1.54e+05 56270.66 37.1 250_275 108.05 5.53e-01 4.0e+06 2.0e+06 1.1e+06 3.6e+07 3.69e+07 7.44e+04 27146.09 34.6 275_300 124.89 6.39e-01 1.9e+07 1.0e+07 5.9e+06 1.9e+08 1.92e+08 3.88e+05 141460.76 32.7 300_325 143.39 7.33e-01 1.5e+07 7.1e+06 5.8e+06 2.4e+07 2.99e+07 6.04e+04 22037.09 5.2 325_350 163.40 8.35e-01 - - - - - - - inf 350_375 184.97 9.45e-01 - - - - - - - inf 375_400 208.20 1.06e+00 - - - - - - - inf 400_425 236.44 1.21e+00 - - - - - - - inf 425_450 270.94 1.38e+00 - - - - - - - inf 450_475 308.45 1.58e+00 - - - - - - - inf 475_500 349.61 1.79e+00 - - - - - - - inf >>> MAX CASE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Temp Pressure Solubility H2O front H2O abs H₂ Diss H₂ Gas Daily H₂ Daily H₂ Annual H₂ Sat ratio [°C] [MPa] [mol/kg] [kg/day] [kg/day] [mol/day] [mol/day] [mol/day] [kg/day] [ton/year] [-] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100_125 38.71 1.99e-01 5.3e+04 2.6e+04 5.3e+03 1.3e+05 1.38e+05 2.78e+02 101.47 26.1 125_150 47.61 2.45e-01 - - - - - - - inf 150_175 57.66 2.96e-01 - - - - - - - inf 175_200 67.85 3.48e-01 - - - - - - - inf 200_225 78.29 4.01e-01 3.6e+05 1.8e+05 7.3e+04 3.0e+06 3.03e+06 6.11e+03 2229.05 41.5 225_250 92.54 4.74e-01 1.4e+07 7.3e+06 3.3e+06 1.2e+08 1.23e+08 2.47e+05 90245.40 37.1 250_275 108.05 5.53e-01 6.4e+06 3.3e+06 1.7e+06 5.7e+07 5.92e+07 1.19e+05 43536.18 34.6 275_300 124.89 6.39e-01 3.1e+07 1.6e+07 9.4e+06 3.0e+08 3.08e+08 6.22e+05 226871.03 32.7 300_325 143.39 7.33e-01 2.4e+07 1.1e+07 9.3e+06 3.9e+07 4.80e+07 9.68e+04 35342.50 5.2 325_350 163.40 8.35e-01 - - - - - - - inf 350_375 184.97 9.45e-01 - - - - - - - inf 375_400 208.20 1.06e+00 - - - - - - - inf 400_425 236.44 1.21e+00 - - - - - - - inf 425_450 270.94 1.38e+00 - - - - - - - inf 450_475 308.45 1.58e+00 - - - - - - - inf 475_500 349.61 1.79e+00 - - - - - - - inf Descriptions: Temp : Temperature interval in degrees Celsius Pressure : Average pressure in megapascals Solubility : Estimated H₂ solubility in water at given pressure H2O front : Water at the reaction front) H2O abs : Total kg of water absorbed into the solid phase H₂ Diss : Max H₂ that water can dissolve H₂ Gas : Gaseous H₂ exceeding saturation limit (hypothetical value) Daily H₂ : Daily H₂ production per day in moles Daily H₂ : Daily H₂ production per day in kilograms Annual : Annual H₂ production in tons Sat ratio : Ratio between daily H₂ production and daily dissolution capacity. <1: unsaturated, =1: balanced, >1: excess H₂ Results for serpentinized rock mass without considering saturation of H2: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Temperature Range [°C] Rocks [kg/day] Category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100_500 7.99e+08 min 100_500 2.02e+09 avg 100_500 3.23e+09 max ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ESTIMATED H₂ GENERATION SUMMARY NO SATURATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Simulation duration: 1 years Total H₂ generated: 248,367.8 tons (98409.9–398325.6) Avg production efficiency: 100% ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ====================================================================================================================================================== 8. H2 ESTIMATION WITH SATURATION ====================================================================================================================================================== H₂ Production for Simulation Period (1 years CONSIDERING water saturation and Target flow 500000.0 L/day) Production is limited to water saturation >>> MIN CASE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Temp Flow Max Diff H2O Frac H2O H2O abs Solub. Eff H₂ Diss H₂ Gas H₂ Total Rocks W/R Limit [°C] [kg/day] [kg/day] [kg/day] [kg/day] [mol/kg] [%] [t] [t] [t] [kg/day] [-] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100_125 3.30e+02 4.149e-08 3.404e+02 2.030e+00 0.1995 0.21 0.05 - 0.05 1.04e+03 0.3167 water 200_225 1.80e+03 3.451e-06 1.850e+03 9.801e+00 0.4014 0.11 0.63 - 0.63 4.14e+03 0.4333 water 225_250 6.52e+04 1.990e-04 6.716e+04 4.685e+02 0.4741 0.12 27.79 - 27.79 1.81e+05 0.3605 sol 250_275 2.66e+04 1.220e-04 2.742e+04 2.440e+02 0.5531 0.13 13.82 - 13.82 8.46e+04 0.3147 sol 275_300 1.18e+05 7.695e-04 1.211e+05 1.405e+03 0.6391 0.13 74.38 - 74.38 4.34e+05 0.2709 sol 300_325 8.09e+04 7.197e-04 8.332e+04 1.618e+05 0.7334 2.28 198.67 - 198.67 5.85e+06 0.0138 sol 325_350 8.00e+04 9.245e-04 8.216e+04 - 0.8355 - - - - - - - 350_375 3.56e+04 5.164e-04 3.660e+04 - 0.9454 - - - - - - - 375_400 2.44e+04 4.271e-04 2.503e+04 - 1.0639 - - - - - - - 400_425 2.70e+04 5.374e-04 2.776e+04 - 1.2079 - - - - - - - 425_450 2.67e+04 5.642e-04 2.748e+04 - 1.3839 - - - - - - - 450_475 1.39e+04 3.010e-04 1.428e+04 - 1.5752 - - - - - - - 475_500 - - - - 1.7851 - - - - - - - >>> AVG CASE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Temp Flow Max Diff H2O Frac H2O H2O abs Solub. Eff H₂ Diss H₂ Gas H₂ Total Rocks W/R Limit [°C] [kg/day] [kg/day] [kg/day] [kg/day] [mol/kg] [%] [t] [t] [t] [kg/day] [-] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100_125 3.30e+02 4.149e-08 3.404e+02 1.070e+01 0.1995 0.15 0.09 - 0.09 1.82e+03 0.1820 water 200_225 1.80e+03 3.451e-06 1.850e+03 5.506e+01 0.4014 0.09 1.30 - 1.30 8.55e+03 0.2099 sol 225_250 6.52e+04 1.990e-04 6.716e+04 2.790e+03 0.4741 0.11 62.31 - 62.31 4.05e+05 0.1608 sol 250_275 2.66e+04 1.220e-04 2.742e+04 1.547e+03 0.5531 0.13 34.29 - 34.29 2.10e+05 0.1269 sol 275_300 1.18e+05 7.695e-04 1.211e+05 9.591e+03 0.6391 0.15 207.72 - 207.72 1.21e+06 0.0970 sol 300_325 8.09e+04 7.197e-04 8.332e+04 1.618e+05 0.7334 0.88 194.79 - 194.79 5.74e+06 0.0141 sol 325_350 8.00e+04 9.245e-04 8.216e+04 - 0.8355 - - - - - - - 350_375 3.56e+04 5.164e-04 3.660e+04 - 0.9454 - - - - - - - 375_400 2.44e+04 4.271e-04 2.503e+04 - 1.0639 - - - - - - - 400_425 2.70e+04 5.374e-04 2.776e+04 - 1.2079 - - - - - - - 425_450 2.67e+04 5.642e-04 2.748e+04 - 1.3839 - - - - - - - 450_475 1.39e+04 3.010e-04 1.428e+04 - 1.5752 - - - - - - - 475_500 - - - - 1.7851 - - - - - - - >>> MAX CASE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Temp Flow Max Diff H2O Frac H2O H2O abs Solub. Eff H₂ Diss H₂ Gas H₂ Total Rocks W/R Limit [°C] [kg/day] [kg/day] [kg/day] [kg/day] [mol/kg] [%] [t] [t] [t] [kg/day] [-] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100_125 3.30e+02 4.149e-08 3.404e+02 3.119e+01 0.1995 0.18 0.18 - 0.18 3.51e+03 0.0941 water 200_225 1.80e+03 3.451e-06 1.850e+03 1.541e+02 0.4014 0.12 2.71 - 2.71 1.79e+04 0.1005 sol 225_250 6.52e+04 1.990e-04 6.716e+04 8.259e+03 0.4741 0.15 138.82 - 138.82 9.03e+05 0.0722 sol 250_275 2.66e+04 1.220e-04 2.742e+04 4.899e+03 0.5531 0.19 82.39 - 82.39 5.04e+05 0.0528 sol 275_300 1.18e+05 7.695e-04 1.211e+05 3.394e+04 0.6391 0.24 552.99 - 552.99 3.23e+06 0.0364 sol 300_325 8.09e+04 7.197e-04 8.332e+04 1.618e+05 0.7334 0.55 193.96 - 193.96 5.71e+06 0.0142 sol 325_350 8.00e+04 9.245e-04 8.216e+04 - 0.8355 - - - - - - - 350_375 3.56e+04 5.164e-04 3.660e+04 - 0.9454 - - - - - - - 375_400 2.44e+04 4.271e-04 2.503e+04 - 1.0639 - - - - - - - 400_425 2.70e+04 5.374e-04 2.776e+04 - 1.2079 - - - - - - - 425_450 2.67e+04 5.642e-04 2.748e+04 - 1.3839 - - - - - - - 450_475 1.39e+04 3.010e-04 1.428e+04 - 1.5752 - - - - - - - 475_500 - - - - 1.7851 - - - - - - - Column meanings: Temp : Temperature range Flow Max : Max clean water allowed per day (scaled flow target) Diff H2O : Diffusive water inflow Frac H2O : Fracture (internal) water inflow H2O abs : Not saturated water absorbed by rock Solub : Hydrogen solubility in water Eff : Efficiency compared to unsaturated production H2 Diss : Dissolved hydrogen H2 Gas : Gaseous hydrogen H2 Total : Total hydrogen produced Rocks : Serpentinite mass available for reaction W/R ratio : Water-to-rock ratio Limit : Limiting factor (solubility, rate, or water availability) Results for serpentinized rock mass considering saturation of H2: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Temperature Range [°C] Rocks [kg/day] Category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100_500 1.61e+06 min 100_500 4.06e+06 avg 100_500 6.52e+06 max ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ FINAL ESTIMATED H₂ GENERATION SUMMARY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Simulation duration: 1.0 years Total H₂ generated: 500.5 tons (315.3–971.0) Avg production efficiency: 0.20% ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ====================================================================================================================================================== 9. EXECUTION TIME ====================================================================================================================================================== The required time for execution was: 0:45:52 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Filterwarnings probably set to 'ignore'. You might consider to turn them on