%% This BibTeX bibliography file was created using BibDesk.
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% Bernhards two new references:

@article{rudel_tin_bio_2003,
  title={Case study: bioavailability of tin and tin compounds},
  author={R{\"u}del, Heinz},
  journal={Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety},
  volume={56},
  number={1},
  pages={180--189},
  year={2003},
  publisher={Elsevier},
    doi = {10.1016/s0147-6513(03)00061-7}
}

@article{blais_metals_2008,
	title = {Metals {Precipitation} from {Effluents}: {Review}},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {1090-025X},
	shorttitle = {Metals {Precipitation} from {Effluents}},
	doi = {10.1061/(ASCE)1090-025X(2008)12:3(135)},
	language = {EN},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-10-03},
	journal = {Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management},
	author = {Blais, J. F. and Djedidi, Z. and Cheikh, R. Ben and Tyagi, R. D. and Mercier, G.},
	month = jul,
	year = {2008},
	publisher = {Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers},
	keywords = {Abatement and removal, Metals, Phosphate, Precipitation},
	pages = {135--149}}

@article{blunden_tin_2003,
	series = {Contains paper on {Guidance} for the safety assessment of botanicals and botanical preparations for use with food and food supplements (pp.1625-1649)},
	title = {Tin in canned food: a review and understanding of occurrence and effect},
	volume = {41},
	issn = {0278-6915},
	shorttitle = {Tin in canned food},
	doi = {10.1016/S0278-6915(03)00217-5},
	language = {en},
	number = {12},
	urldate = {2022-10-03},
	journal = {Food and Chemical Toxicology},
	author = {Blunden, Steve and Wallace, Tony},
	month = dec,
	year = {2003},
	keywords = {Acute toxicity, Canned food, Clinical studies, Concentration, Dissolution, Permitted levels, Tin},
	pages = {1651--1662}}


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@article{meister_chargierte_seide_1905,
    author = {Meister, Otto},
	year = {1905},
	journal = {Chemiker-Zeitung},
    month = sep,
    day = 1,
	title = {{Die spontanen roetlichen Flecken auf chargierter Seide}},
	pages = {528--529},
	volume = {39}}


@inbook{schulz_quantification_2006,
	address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
	title = {Quantification of {Early} {Diagenesis}: {Dissolved} {Constituents} in {Pore} {Water} and {Signals} in the {Solid} {Phase}},
	isbn = {978-3-540-32144-6},
	shorttitle = {Quantification of {Early} {Diagenesis}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32144-6_3},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-10-02},
	booktitle = {Marine {Geochemistry}},
	publisher = {Springer},
	author = {Schulz, Horst D.},
	editor = {Schulz, Horst D. and Zabel, Matthias},
	year = {2006},
	doi = {10.1007/3-540-32144-6_3},
	keywords = {Bottom Water, Diffusive Flux, Early Diagenesis, Pore Water, Reactive Layer},
	pages = {73--124}}


@book{Smol2008,
	author = {Smol, John P.},
	year = {2008},
	isbn = {978-1-4051-5913-5},
	pagetotal = {120},
	publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
	title = {Pollution of {L}akes and {R}ivers: {A} {P}aleoenvironmental {P}erspective}}

@inbook{rudnick_composition_2014,
	abstract = {This chapter reviews the present-day composition of the continental crust, the methods employed to derive these estimates, and the implications of the continental crust composition for the formation of the continents, Earth differentiation, and its geochemical inventories. We review the composition of the upper, middle, and lower continental crust. We then examine the bulk crust composition and the implications of this composition for crust generation and modification processes. Finally, we compare the Earth's crust with those of the other terrestrial planets in our solar system and speculate about what unique processes on Earth have given rise to this unusual crustal distribution. {\copyright} 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	author = {Rudnick, R. L. and Gao, S.},
	booktitle = {Treatise on {G}eochemistry},
	year = {2014},
	doi = {10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00301-6},
	edition = {2},
	isbn = {978-0-08-098300-4},
	keywords = {Bulk crust composition,Deep crust,Upper continental crust},
	pages = {1--51},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd.},
	title = {Composition of the {C}ontinental {C}rust},
	volume = {4}}

@inbook{brugmann_tin_2017,
	author = {Br{\"u}gmann, Gerhard and Berger, Daniel and Frank, Carolin and Marahrens, Janeta and Nessel, Bianka and Pernicka, Ernst},
	booktitle = {The tinworking landscape of {D}artmoor in a {E}uropean context - {P}rehistory to 20th century. {P}apers presented in a conference in {T}avistock, {D}evon, 6-11 {M}ay 2016.},
	year = {2017},
	editor = {Newman, Phil},
	pages = {103--114},
	publisher = {Dartmoor Tinworking Research Group},
	title = {Tin isotope fingerprints of ore deposits and ancient bronze}}

@book{hurst_silk_1892,
	author = {Hurst, George H},
	year = {1892},
	keywords = {Silk},
	location = {London},
	publisher = {George Bell and Sons},
	title = {Silk dyeing, Printing, and Finishing: Technological Handbooks}}

@article{hacke_weighted_2008,
	abstract = {Historic textile, and especially costume, collections often contain weighted silks. The fabrics are generally in poor condition as a result of the weighting agents that were added, and conservation treatments are often difficult. The wide variety of silk weighting methods that have developed since the latter part of the nineteenth century has led to the state of deterioration of the textiles that have survived being equally diverse. To date there are no standard conservation treatments for weighted silks, although various chemical and physical methods have been tested. The problem of fastdecaying silks has stimulated research within the silk industry since the late 1800s. This review focuses on information relating to the history, identification, degradation and stabilisation of Western weighted silks found in the English and German literature from the 1870s onwards.},
	author = {Hacke, Marei},
	year = {2008},
	doi = {10.1179/sic.2008.53.supplement-2.3},
	issn = {0039-3630},
	issue = {sup2},
	journal = {Stud. Conserv.},
	pages = {3--15},
	title = {Weighted silk: history, analysis and conservation},
	volume = {53},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1179/sic.2008.53.supplement-2.3}}

@article{cima_tin_2011,
	abstract = {Tin, a not essential metal, is widely used in industry, and in nature occurs in both inorganic and organic form. Most of the inorganic tin compounds are nontoxic because of their low solubility and absorption by oral route. However, divalent tin salts are more toxic than tetravalent ones, causing gastrointestinal tract irritation, abdominal pain and anemia. Tin can be converted by chemical and biological reactions in the environment to form more toxic organotins which are mostly men-made. In environment, they undergo abiotic and biotic dealkylation, whereas inorganic tin ion undergoes the opposite processes of biological alkylation, mainly biomethylation, which contributes to the biocycling of tin by increasing the volatility, toxicity and mobility. Due to the negative impact on coastal ecosystems of tributyltin, triphenyltin and their derivatives in antifouling paint formulations, organotins were definitively banned for this use. Lipophilicity of organotins explains their local and systemic effects since they can penetrate and damage cell membranes and mitochondria, interrupt oxidative phosphorylation, change the redox state, inhibit activity of various enzymes, disassemble cytoskeletal proteins, induce apoptosis/necrosis, alter the protein synthesis. These actions mainly result in mutagenicity/genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and embryotoxicity.},
	author = {Cima, Francesca},
	year = {2011},
	doi = {10.1016/B978-0-444-52272-6.00645-0},
	isbn = {978-0-444-63952-3},
	journal = {Encycl. Environ. Heal.},
	keywords = {Bioaccumulation,Biogeochemical cycle,Biomethylation,Coastal ecosystem impact,Environmental distribution,Enzyme inhibition,Genotoxicity,Immunotoxicity,Organotins,Systemic toxicity},
	pages = {351--359},
	title = {Tin: Environmental pollution and health effects},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-52272-6.00645-0}}

@article{winship_toxicity_1988,
	abstract = {Inorganic tin salts are poorly absorbed and rapidly excreted in the faeces; as a result they have a low toxicity. Only about 5 per cent is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, widely distributed in the body, then excreted by the kidney. Some tin is deposited in lung and bone. Some tin salts can cause renal necrosis after parenteral doses. Mutagenic studies on metallic tin and its compounds have been negative. Long-term animal carcinogenic studies have shown fewer malignant tumours in animals exposed to tin than in controls. Human volunteers developed mild signs of toxicity with tin, given in fruit juices, at a concentration of 1400 mg per litre. The {WHO} 1973 permissible limit for tin in tinned food is 250 micrograms per kg. The adult daily intake of tin was about 17 mg per day in 1940, but it has now decreased to about 3.5 mg, due to improvements in technique of tinning with enamel overcoat and crimped lids to minimize exposure to tin and lead solder. This level is well below the level of 5-7 mg per kg body weight shown to give rise to toxic symptoms. Tin deficiency has not been described in man. Amounts in excess of 130 mg per day have been shown to accumulate in liver and kidneys. Many of the organotin compounds are toxic; the most toxic being trimethyltin and triethyltin, which are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Most of the other alkyl and aryltin compounds are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and are therefore less toxic when given orally than when given parenterally. The main results of toxicity are skin and eye irritation; cholangitis of the lower biliary tract, and later hepatotoxicity; and neurotoxicity, which has been shown to be due to intramyelin oedema induced by triethyltin, and neuronal necrosis caused by trimethyltin. Many of the organotin compounds affect mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and alter membranes, but the contribution of these biochemical and membrane effects in the cause of intramyelin oedema and neuronal necrosis has not been fully clarified. Widespread degeneration results, especially with trimethyltin. Peripheral neuropathy has not been reported as occurring with either inorganic or organic tin in humans. Certain dialkyltin compounds have been shown to cause adverse effects on cell-mediated immunity, specifically on the T cell lymphocyte. Experimental studies have failed to reveal any evidence of carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, or teratogenicity. Recent studies suggest that tin compounds exhibit some antitumour activity and may have a future role in cancer diagnosis and chemotherapy, and in controlling hyperbilirubinaemia.},
	author = {Winship, {KA}},
	year = {1988},
	issn = {0260-647X},
	journal = {Adverse drug reactions and acute poisoning reviews},
	number = {1},
	pages = {19--38},
	title = {Toxicity of tin and its compounds},
	url = {http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/3291572},
	volume = {7},
	bdsk-url-1 = {http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/3291572}}

@article{caseri_initial_2014,
	abstract = {In 1849, attempts to isolate free alkyl groups led to discovery of an organostannane, (C2H5)2SnI2, which was analyzed in 1852. Coevally, aims at extension of trialkylstibine and trialkyl bismuth chemistry yielded [(C2H5) 2Sn]n, finally consisting rather of (cyclic) oligostannanes than polystannanes; the latter might have been degraded to the former though. Further, those reports described conversion of (C2H5) 2SnI2 or [(C2H5)2Sn]n to (C2H5)2SnO, in fact a polymer, [(C 2H5)2SnO]n. These three substances were employed as starting materials for exploration of new alkylstannanes, and moreover some of the compounds thus obtained were used for synthesis of other organostannanes. Thus, e.g., dialkylstannanes (C2H5) 2SnX2 (X = Br, Cl, nitrate, formate, acetate) and a number of corresponding methyl derivatives were prepared, as well as (C 2H5)2SnSO4, ({CH}3) 2SnSO4, (C2H5)2Sn(C 2O4) and tetraalkylstannanes. Dinuclear tin compounds were also addressed, in particular (C2H5) 3SneSn(C2H5)3, (C2H 5)2ISn-Sn(C2H5)2I, and (C2H5)3SnOSn(C2H5) 3. The latter arose as a reversibly formed dehydration product of (C2H5)3SnOH. This hydroxide and ({CH} 3)3SnOH served for the synthesis of trialkylstannanes R3SnX (R = ethyl: X = Br, Cl; R = ethyl or methyl: X = formate, acetate, butyrate), [(C2H5)3Sn] 2SO4, [({CH}3)3Sn]2SO 4 and [(C2H5)3Sn]2(C 2O4). Among the synthesis routes substitution and addition reactions were applied, and even the so-called Kocheshkov redistribution reaction (Kocheshkov comproportionation) was already described, namely by Buckton who thus obtained (C2H5)3SnCl. Hence, already by 1860 a diversity of organotin compounds and related reactions was established, and the base for methodical exploration of organotin compounds was laid. {\copyright} 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	author = {Caseri, Walter},
	year = {2014},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.08.009},
	issn = {0022328X},
	journal = {J. Organomet. Chem.},
	keywords = {Historical perspective,Organometallic polymers,Organotin chemistry,Organotin compounds,Organotin halides,Oxides and hydroxides},
	pages = {20--24},
	title = {Initial organotin chemistry},
	volume = {751},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.08.009}}

@article{sousa_history_2014,
	abstract = {Organotin compounds are industrial chemicals used as biocides, polyvinyl chloride stabilizers and industrial catalysts for the manufacture of silicone and polyurethane foams. Despite multiple applications, organotin notoriety is due to tributyltin, a potent biocide used in antifouling paints. Because of the intensive use of tributyltin for the protection of ships' hulls, tributyltin has been largely released into waters, resulting in adverse and even bizarre effects on aquatic organisms, such as imposex in gastropods. However, organotins include other compounds such as tributyltin derivatives, phenyltins and octyltins. Organotin use in plastics, silicone and foams results in their occurrence almost everywhere, e.g., clothes, toys, wallpaper, food containers, household piping and medical devices. Hence, humans are exposed to organotins not solely through ingestion of contaminated seafood but also through direct contact with treated products and by inhalation and ingestion of dust. As a consequence, organotins have been detected in human samples. Toxicity data reveal that organotins are endocrine disruptors, immunotoxicants, carcinogens and obesogens. Here, we review the levels, fate and effects of organotin compounds toward wildlife and humans, starting with a description of organotin applications, with particular incidence in antifouling paints. The global contamination of the marine environment and the deleterious effects of tributyltin onto nontarget organisms are addressed, with particular attention to the imposex phenomenon. The restrictions on tributyltin use in antifouling paints are also described alongside with the new regulations for organotins in consumer products. The sources and pathways of organotins in the environment are discussed, studies in human exposure are presented, and future research is proposed. {\copyright} 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.},
	author = {Sousa, Ana C.A. and Pastorinho, M. Ramiro and Takahashi, Shin and Tanabe, Shinsuke},
	year = {2014},
	doi = {10.1007/s10311-013-0449-8},
	issn = {16103653},
	journal = {Environ. Chem. Lett.},
	keywords = {Antifouling paints,Biomonitoring,Imposex,Obesogen,Organotin compounds,Tributyltin ({TBT})},
	number = {1},
	pages = {117--137},
	title = {History on organotin compounds, from snails to humans},
	volume = {12},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-013-0449-8}}

@article{Sigg1987,
	abstract = {This article is in Free Access Publication and may be downloaded using the ``Download Full Text {PDF}'' link at right. {\copyright} 1987, by the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.},
	author = {Sigg, Laura and Sturm, Michael and Kistler, David},
	year = {1987},
	doi = {10.4319/lo.1987.32.1.0112},
	issn = {19395590},
	journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},
	number = {1},
	pages = {112--130},
	title = {Vertical transport of heavy metals by settling particles in {L}ake {Z}urich},
	volume = {32}}

@misc{awel_projekt_2019,
	author = {{AWEL}},
	year = {2019},
	institution = {Kanton Zurich},
	title = {Projekt "{KbS} {S}een" {S}chlussbericht - {E}rfassung belasteter {S}tandorte in den {S}een des {K}antons {Z}{\"u}rich},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.zh.ch/content/dam/zhweb/bilder-dokumente/themen/umwelt-tiere/abfall-rohstoffe/altlasten/altlasten-startseite/Schlussbericht_Projekt_KbS_See_Juli_2019.pdf}}

@article{strasser_mass-movement_2008,
	author = {Strasser, M. and Anselmetti, F. S.},
	year = {2008},
	journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geol. der Schweiz, Geotech. Ser.},
	pages = {23--41},
	title = {{Mass-movement event stratigraphy in Lake Zurich; A record of varying seismic and environmental impacts}},
	volume = {95}}

@article{garside_understanding_2010,
	abstract = {In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries silks processed in Europe were frequently weighted with tin phosphate/silicate. There is particular concern over these silks in collections, since they appear susceptible to catastrophic deterioration. The aim of this research was to better understand the consequences of tin weighting on the ageing behaviour of silk, and so inform preventive conservation policies for these artefacts. Samples treated according to two authentic procedures, 'pink tin' and 'dynamite', were prepared and characterized. The mechanical performances of the silks were then assessed before and after artificial ageing. Environmental scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic ({ESEM}-{EDS}) analyses of the treated samples suggest that pink tin-weighted silks incorporate sodium tin({IV}) phosphate with some tin({IV}) oxohydroxide, while dynamite tin weighting provides a complex sodium tin({IV}) aluminophosphosilicate inclusion. The mechanical strength tests reveal that although the weighted silk samples were weaker than untreated silk after their initial weighting treatment, there was a smaller decrease in strength than expected after ageing. This suggests that the long-term stabilities of the tin-weighted silks may be somewhat less problematic than previously considered, which may lead to a reassessment of current preventive conservation strategies. {\copyright} 2010 Icon, The Institute of Conservation.},
	author = {Garside, Paul and Wyeth, Paul and Zhang, Xiaomei},
	year = {2010},
	doi = {10.1080/19455224.2010.501293},
	issn = {19455224},
	journal = {J. Inst. Conserv.},
	keywords = {Humidity ageing,Light ageing,Preventive conservation,Silk,Thermal ageing,Tin weighting},
	number = {2},
	pages = {179--193},
	title = {Understanding the ageing behaviour of nineteenth and twentieth century tin-weighted silks},
	volume = {33},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2010.501293}}

@techreport{report_neuhaus_patent_1948,
	author = {{Averell Harriman, W}},
	year = {1948},
    volume = {8},
    number = {3},
    note = {Publisher: United States Department of Commerce, Office of Technical Service, Washington},
	publisher = {United States Department of Commerce, Office of Technical Services},
	location = {Washington},
	title = {{Bibliography of Scientific and Industrial Reports}}}

@inbook{schmid_august_1959,
	author = {Schmid, Hans Rudolf},
	booktitle = {Schweizer {P}ioniere der {W}irtschaft und {T}echnik},
	year = {1959},
	edition = {10},
	location = {Zurich},
	pages = {127--145},
	publisher = {Verein f{\"u}r wirtschaftshistorische Studien, Z{\"u}rich},
	title = {August {W}eidmann-{Z}{\"u}st}}

@book{zwicky_chronik_1995,
	author = {Zwicky, Hans Jakob},
	year = {1995},
	edition = {1},
	isbn = {3-9520896-0-5},
	pagetotal = {444},
	publisher = {Gemeindevervaltung Thalwil},
	title = {Chronik der {G}emeinde {T}halwil}}

@article{tribune_expo_1900,
	year = {1900},
	journal = {La Tribune de Gen{\`e}ve (Newspaper)},
	location = {Gen{\`e}ve},
    month = sep,
    day = 1,
	title = {{Exposants Suisses {\`a} l'Exposition Universelle de Paris 1900 - liste des r{\'e}compenses}},
	bdsk-url-1 = {http://doc.rero.ch/record/277205/files/TDG_1900_09_01_0005.pdf?version=2}}

@article{bossard_limnological_2001,
	abstract = {This introductory article of the special {GAP} issue gives an overview on general limnological characteristics of the prealpine Lakes Z{\"u}rich and Lucerne and the alpine Lake Cadagno and reports on the specific situation of primary production parameters during the international {GAP} Workshop in mid September 1999. Furthermore, it describes methods used for water analysis and fieldwork in these lakes.¶A comparison of data related to primary production in the three lakes in September 1999 during stratification shows that (i) phytoplankton community structure varied considerably between the lakes. The dominating algae were Planktothrix rubescens in Lake Z{\"u}rich, various chrysophytes and diatoms in Lake Lucerne, and Echinocoleum elegans in Lake Cadagno, (ii) the euphotic zone in Lake Lucerne was considerably deeper (app. 15m) than in the other two lakes (app. 10 m), (iii) chlorophyll a standing crop was highest in mesotrophic Lake Z{\"u}rich (August: 121 mg m-2), followed by oligotrophic Lake Lucerne (August: 75, September: 34 mg m-2) and mesotrophic Lake Cadagno (August: 33, September: 25 and 14 mg m-2), and (iv) areal primary production was highest in Lake Z{\"u}rich (August: 105, September: 124 mg C m-2 h-1), followed by Lake Cadagno (August: 102, September: 52 mg C m-2 h-1) and Lake Lucerne (August: 90, September: 52 mg C m-2 h-1). Physiological parameters, determined in situ from P versus I relationships, showed a lower initial slope α in Lake Lucerne (August: 0.03, September: 0.02 mg C mg-1 chl a h-1μmol-1 m2 s) than in the other two lakes (Lake Z{\"u}rich in August: 0.05, in September: 0.11; Lake Cadagno in August: 0.05, in September: 0.11 and 0.28 mg C mg-1 chl a h-1μmol-1 m2 s). Lake Z{\"u}rich showed the lowest {ANmax} (August: 2.6, September: 3.2 mg C mg-1 chl a h-1, as compared to 5.9 - 7.4 mg C mg-1 chl a h-1 in the Lakes Lucerne and Cadagno), while in Lake Cadagno the highest inhibitory effects of C-assimilation were found (highest slopes of inhibition β, 0.007-0.011, as compared to 0.0003-0.0026 in the other two lakes), due to a higher {UV}-exposure in this alpine lake.},
	author = {Bossard, Peter and Gammeter, Sonja and Lehmann, Christine and Schanz, Ferdinand and Bachofen, Reinhard and B{\"u}rgi, Hans-Rudolf and Steiner, Daniel and Zimmermann, Ulrich},
	year = {2001},
	doi = {10.1007/PL00001353},
	issn = {1420-9055},
	journal = {Aquatic Sciences},
	keywords = {Key words: Lake Z{\"u}rich,Lake Lucerne,Lake Cadagno,limnology,primary production,phytoplankton,nutrients.},
	langid = {english},
	number = {3},
	pages = {225--249},
	shortjournal = {Aquat. sci.},
	title = {Limnological description of the {L}akes {Z}{\"u}rich, {L}ucerne, and {C}adagno},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001353},
	urldate = {2022-09-06},
	volume = {63},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001353}}

@article{wieland_composition_2001,
	abstract = {Time- and space-dependent variations in the composition of settling particles were investigated along a longitudinal transect in Lower Lake Zurich. The study was carried out during summer stratification using a two-dimensional array of sediment traps deployed in the hypolimnion. Samples of the sedimentary material were analysed for total C and total N, P, Ca, Si, Al, Fe, Mn, Mg, Na, K, and the trace elements Zr, Sr, Rb, Ti, Ba, S, Pb and Zn. The elements can be classified according to their preferences in associating with a specific carrier phase. The fluxes and composition of trapped particles were found to vary seasonally with fluctuations in the main components (organic matter, calcium carbonate, biogenic silica, manganese and iron oxides, silicates) and spatially due to the following in-lake processes: 1) increasing vertical particle transport of biomass and mineralic material in the shoreward direction, 2) lateral sediment transport, which caused sediment accumulation rates to increase with depth, leading to sediment focusing, 3) episodic and patchy events of CaCO3 precipitation in the epilimnion followed by sedimentation and lateral dispersion, and 4) formation of a patchy nepheloid layer in the slightly denser bottom waters containing more fine-grained particles in suspension. Sediment focusing by lateral pathways caused by particle transport between the southern and the northern basin of Lower Lake Zurich gave rise to post-depositional in-lake redistribution of particle-bound contaminants.},
	author = {Wieland, Erich and Lienemann, Peter and Bollhalder, Silvia and L{\"u}ck, Alfred and Santschi, Peter H.},
	year = {2001},
	doi = {10.1007/PL00001347},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/roethlre/Zotero/storage/74P3U6DP/Wieland et al. - 2001 - Composition and transport of settling particles in.pdf:application/pdf},
	issn = {1420-9055},
	journal = {Aquatic Sciences},
	keywords = {Key words: Settling particle composition,sediment focusing,Lake Zurich.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	pages = {123--149},
	shorttitle = {Composition and transport of settling particles in {Lake} {Zurich}},
	title = {Composition and transport of settling particles in {Lake} {Zurich}: relative importance of vertical and lateral pathways},
	volume = {63}}

@article{strupler_quantitative_2018,
	abstract = {New high-resolution surveying techniques allow subaqueous geomorphology to be investigated in great detail. Such analyses are important as the morphologies are often indicative of past processes, including mass movements. For peri-alpine Lake Zurich, many mass-wasting events have occurred in the past millennia. While the ages of these events are known from past studies on the respective deposits in the lake basin, the surface expressions and distribution of the respective features on the slopes have not been extensively described. Here we quantitatively characterize the morphologic features on the entire lake floor. A total of 50 subaqueous landslides are morphologically identified in a high-resolution digital bathymetric model ({DBM}), mapped and characterized using a geographic information system ({GIS}). Many slides show relatively small erosion areas ({<}0.05 km2) and are located in shallow water ({<}10 m water depth). The roughness of the individual landslide-translation areas is quantified using the standard deviation of a measure called bathymetric position index ({BPI}) and related to the slides ages. The {DBM} allows the detection of traces of mass-movements dating back to c. 5000 cal years {BP}. Our results demonstrate that morphometric analyses on a high-resolution {DBM} can contribute to a better understanding of sublacustrine mass movements.},
	author = {Strupler, M. and Anselmetti, F. S. and Hilbe, M. and Strasser, M.},
	year = {2018},
	doi = {10.1144/SP477.7},
	issn = {03058719},
	journal = {8th International Symposium on Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences, {ISSMMTC} 2018},
	pages = {399--412},
	title = {Quantitative characterization of subaqueous landslides in {L}ake {Z}urich ({S}witzerland) based on a high-resolution bathymetric dataset},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1144/SP477.7}}

@techreport{Gammeter1997,
	author = {Gammeter, S. and Forster, R. and Zimmermann, U.},
    year = {1997},
	keywords = {Langzeituntersuchung,Eutrophierung,Oligotrophier},
	location = {Z{\"u}rich},
	title = {Limnologische {U}ntersuchung des {Z}{\"u}richsees 1972-1996.},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.stadt-zuerich.ch/content/dam/stzh/dib/Deutsch/BILDERwasserversorgung/4-Publikationen_Broschueren/Limnologische%20Untersuchung%20des%20Zuerichsees%201972-1996.pdf}}

@phdthesis{nipkow_ueber_1927,
	author = {Nipkow, Fritz},
	year = {1927},
	doi = {10.3929/ETHZ-A-000115971},
	institution = {{ETH} Zurich},
    note = {{ETH} {Z}{\"u}rich},
	keywords = {{BALDEGGER},{DIATOM} {SHELLS} ({PLANT} {ANATOMY} {AND} {PHYSIOLOGY}),{DIATOMEENSCHALEN} ({PFLANZENANATOMIE} {UND},{DIATOMOPHYCEAE} ({BOTANIK}),{DIATOMOPHYCEAE} ({BOTANY}),{LAKE} {BALDEGG} ({CANTON} {OF} {LUCERNE}),{LAKE} {OF} {ZURICH} ({SWITZERLAND}),{MORPHOLOGIE}),{PHYTOBENTHOS} ({PFLANZEN{\"O}KOLOGIE}),{PHYTOBENTHOS} ({PLANT} {ECOLOGY}),{SEE} ({KANTON} {LUZERN}),{Z{\"U}RICHSEE} ({SCHWEIZ})},
	title = {{\"U}ber das {V}erhalten der {S}kelette planktischer {K}ieselalgen im geschichteten {T}iefenschlamm des {Z}{\"u}rich- und {B}aldeggersees},
    number = {455},
	urldate = {2022-05-18},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-000115971}}

@article{Richter2006,
	abstract = {X-ray fluorescence ({XRF}) core scanning provides rapid high-resolution (down to 1 mm) records of chemical composition on split sediment cores. The measurements are non-destructive and require very limited sample preparation. The new Avaatech {XRF} Core Scanner, operational since 2002, covers the atomic mass range from Al to U. Instrument parameters, especially tube voltage, can be adjusted to provide optimum settings for selected elements or sets thereof. Owing to the nature of the surface of split sediment cores, particularly effects resulting from sample inhomogeneity and surface roughness, results are semiquantitative, yet provide reliable records of the relative variability in elemental composition downcore. Selected case studies from diverse sedimentary settings in the {NE} Atlantic Ocean illustrate a range of applications of {XRF} logging data. These include preliminary stratigraphic interpretations (glacial-interglacial cycles), provenance studies of the terrigenous sediment fraction, lithological characterization, early diagenetic processes and distinction between carbonate phases (aragonite v. calcite).},
	author = {Richter, T. O. and van der Gaast, S. and Koster, B. and Vaars, A. and Gieles, R. and de Stigter, H. C. and De Haas, H. and van Weering, T. C. E.},
	year = {2006},
	doi = {10.1144/GSL.SP.2006.267.01.03},
	issn = {0305-8719},
	journal = {Geological Society, London, Special Publications},
	number = {1},
	pages = {39--50},
	title = {The Avaatech {XRF} Core Scanner: technical description and applications to {NE} Atlantic sediments},
	volume = {267},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2006.267.01.03}}

@article{roethlin_tracking_2022,
	abstract = {Historical industrial activities at the Horn Richterwil, on the shore of Lake Zurich (Switzerland), caused widespread metal contamination on land and in the adjacent lake sediments. This study provides an estimation of the age and source of the contamination by using {XRF} core scanning, {ICP}-{OES}, and Hg-{AFS} for quantitative measurements of trace metals and {MCICP}-{MS} for the stable isotope analysis of mercury. Radiometric dating (1 37Cs, 210Pb, and Pu dating) of two proximal cores and varve chronology in a distal core suggest two different contaminations, one stemming from around 1960 (Zn, Cd) and an earlier one from 1880 (Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Sn). The {XRF} data suggest two different contamination pathways: one by landfill of contaminated soil and another one by industrial wastewater effluents. Maximum concentrations found within all samples are in the range of per mil (dry weight) for Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Sn, and Zn and lie within the top 10 cm of the sediment cores. The analysis of the mercury isotopic composition (  202 Hg and Δ199Hg) shows a significantly different signature for one of the cores, indicating a second mercury source. We could not identify the exact source or process leading to the isotopic fractionation of mercury, but the isotopic data confirm two different sources.},
	author = {Roethlin, Remo Luis and Gilli, Adrian and Wehrli, Bernhard and Gilli, Robin Sue and Wiederhold, Jan Georg and Dubois, Nathalie},
	year = {2022},
    volume = {29},
    pages = { 85789--85801},
	doi = {10.1007/s11356-022-21288-6},
	issn = {0944-1344, 1614-7499},
	journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},
	langid = {english},
	shortjournal = {Environ Sci Pollut Res},
	shorttitle = {Tracking the legacy of early industrial activity in sediments of {L}ake {Z}urich, {S}witzerland},
	title = {Tracking the legacy of early industrial activity in sediments of {L}ake {Z}urich, {S}witzerland: using a novel multi-proxy approach to find the source of extensive metal contamination}}

@article{hennekam_trace_2019,
	abstract = {The trace-metal composition of sediments provides important information on (past) environmental conditions, such as bottom water oxygenation, marine productivity, sediment provenance, and pollution. Whereas major and minor elements are often routinely analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence ({XRF}) core scanning, analysis of trace metals with the same method is not yet established as a routine procedure. Here, we used a recently developed state-of-the-art {XRF} detector with a core scanner (Avaatech) to examine the optimal settings for analyzing a suite of trace metals (V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, and U). Settings were optimized for fast analyses of sediment cores by extensive testing of primary energy settings, filters, and exposure times on two eastern Mediterranean Sea sapropel layers that archive episodes of past sea-floor anoxia. We reveal the following most advantageous (i.e., optimized for analytical accuracy and time efficiency) settings: (1) V, Cr, Ni at 20 {kV} with aluminum primary beam filter, (2) Cu, Zn, and U at 30 {kV} with `thick' (125 μm) palladium primary beam filter, and (3) Mo at 50 {kV} with copper primary beam filter. For these trace elements, generally, ≥30 s of measurement are required for obtaining reliable data. Synthetic mixtures show that matrix effects, which are inherent to {XRF} analyses, are of particular importance for V. A correction for these matrix effects on V (e.g., using Compton scattering) may be necessary for samples with a large variability in carbonate content. {XRF} core-scanning measurements on synthetically, laminated sediments show that trace metals with contrasting atomic weights and related {XRF} penetration depths (V and Mo) can be determined at sub-mm resolution. We show that intensity results from the new {XRF} detector can be converted into concentrations using multivariate log-ratio calibration, allowing a fast quantitative prediction of sedimentary trace metal content using {XRF} core scanning.},
	author = {Hennekam, Rick and Sweere, Tim and Tjallingii, Rik and de Lange, Gert J. and Reichart, Gert Jan},
	year = {2019},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2018.10.018},
	issn = {10406182},
	issue = {October},
	journal = {Quaternary International},
	keywords = {High-resolution geochemistry,Paleoclimate,Paleoenvironment,Trace metals,{XRF} core scanning},
	pages = {55--67},
	title = {Trace metal analysis of sediment cores using a novel X-ray fluorescence core scanning method},
	volume = {514}}

@article{weltje_calibration_2008,
	abstract = {On-line analysis of split sediment cores by {XRF} core scanners has become increasingly popular in the past decade, because it allows nondestructive extraction of near-continuous records of element intensities from sediment cores with a minimum of analytical effort. A disadvantage of {XRF} core scanning relative to conventional geochemical analysis is the problematic conversion of core-scanner output to element concentrations. The main reason for this long-standing problem is the poorly constrained measurement geometry, attributable to inhomogeneity of the specimens (e.g. variable water content and grain-size distribution), irregularities of the split core surface, and in some setups, spatial variations in thickness of an adhesive pore-water film which forms directly below a protective foil covering the core surface. We propose a log-ratio calibration model for {XRF} core scanners, derived from a combination of {XRF}-spectrometry theory, principles of compositional data analysis, and empirical evidence. The log-ratio calibration model provides accurate and precise predictions of sediment composition (element concentrations) from {XRF} core-scanner output with a limited number of parameters, namely 2(D - 1), where D equals the number of chemical elements whose concentrations are to be estimated. The model can accommodate the inherent non-linearity of the relation between (relative) intensities and concentrations, which is apparent from the fact that it provides unbiased estimates. An immediate corollary of our results is that log-ratios of element intensities, which are related to log-ratios of element abundances by a simple linear transformation, provide the most easily interpretable signals of relative changes in chemical composition. Consistent use of log-ratios of element intensities or concentrations should minimise the risk of drawing erroneous conclusions from geochemical proxies. The relative standard deviation (precision) of predicted element concentrations in core {GeoB}7920 is less than 2\%. Stochastic simulations indicate that this level of precision can be attained with 40 randomly selected calibration specimens. Improved control over input errors and development of robust goodness-of-fit statistics allows {XRF} core scanning to be developed into a rigorous quantitative measurement technology. The log-ratio calibration equation derived in this study may be adapted to inter-laboratory and inter-instrument calibration as well. {\copyright} 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	author = {Weltje, Gert Jan and Tjallingii, Rik},
	year = {2008},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2008.07.054},
	issn = {0012821X},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	keywords = {{XRF},bulk chemistry,calibration,compositional data,core scanner,palaeoceanography,statistics},
	number = {3},
	pages = {423--438},
	title = {Calibration of {XRF} core scanners for quantitative geochemical logging of sediment cores: Theory and application},
	volume = {274},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2008.07.054}}

@misc{r_core_team_r_2021,
	author = {{R Core Team}},
	year = {2021},
	title = {R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing},
	url = {https://www.r-project.org/},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.r-project.org/}}

@article{wickham_welcome_2019,
	author = {Wickham, Hadley and Averick, Mara and Bryan, Jennifer and Chang, Winston and {McGowan}, Lucy D'Agostino and Fran{\c c}ois, Romain and Grolemund, Garrett and Hayes, Alex and Henry, Lionel and Hester, Jim and Kuhn, Max and Pedersen, Thomas Lin and Miller, Evan and Bache, Stephan Milton and M{\"u}ller, Kirill and Ooms, Jeroen and Robinson, David and Seidel, Dana Paige and Spinu, Vitalie and Takahashi, Kohske and Vaughan, Davis and Wilke, Claus and Woo, Kara and Yutani, Hiroaki},
	year = {2019},
	doi = {10.21105/joss.01686},
	journal = {Journal of Open Source Software},
	number = {43},
	pages = {1686},
	title = {Welcome to the \{tidyverse\}},
	volume = {4},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01686}}

@misc{roethlin_carrrotter_2022,
	author = {Roethlin, Remo Luis and Lloren, Ronald and Camperio, Giorgia and Dubois, Nathalie},
	year = {2022},
	doi = {10.5281/zenodo.7126837},
	publisher = {Zenodo},
	title = {carrrotter: {An} {R} package to interactively inspect and process {Avaatech} {XRF} {Corescanner} data},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7126837},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7126837}}

@misc{fao_world_nodate,
	author = {{FAO}},
	title = {World reference base for soil resources},
	url = {https://www.fao.org/3/w8594e/w8594e00.htm},
	urldate = {2022-09-05},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.fao.org/3/w8594e/w8594e00.htm}}

@article{urban_solute_1997,
	abstract = {Porewater profiles often are used to identify and quantify important biogeochemical processes occurring in lake sediments. In this study, multiple porewater profiles were obtained from two eutrophic Swiss lakes using porewater equilibrators (peepers) in order to examine spatial and seasonal trends in biogeochemical processes. Variability in profile shapes and concentrations was small on spatial scales of a few meters, but the uncertainty in calculated diffusive fluxes across the sediment surface was, on average, 35\%. Focusing of Fe and Mn oxides toward the lake center resulted in systematic increases in porewater concentrations and diffusive fluxes of Fe2+ and Mn2+ with increasing water depth; these fluxes are postulated to be regulated by the pH-dependent dissolution of reduced-metal phases. Despite higher concentrations of inorganic carbon, NH4+, Si and P in pelagic compared to littoral sites, diffusive fluxes of these substances across the sediment surface increased only slightly or not at all with increasing water depth. Porewater profiles did reveal temporal changes in Fe2+, Mn2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ that were an indirect result of the large, seasonal changes in seston deposition, but no clear seasonal variations were found in diffusive fluxes of nutrients across the sediment surface. The intense mineralization occurring at the sediment surface was not reflected in the porewater profiles nor in the calculated diffusive fluxes. Calculated diffusive fluxes across the sediment surface resulted from decomposition occurring primarily in the top 5--7 cm of sediment. Diffusive fluxes from this subsurface mineralization were equal to the solute release from mineralization occurring at the sediment-water interface. Buried organic matter acts as a memory of previous lake conditons; it will require at least a decade before reductions in nutrient inputs to lakes fully reduce the diffusive fluxes into the lake from the buried reservoir of organic matter.},
	author = {Urban, Noel R. and Dinkel, Christian and Wehrli, Bernhard},
	year = {1997},
	doi = {10.1007/BF02522546},
	issn = {1420-9055},
	journal = {Aquatic Sciences},
	keywords = {fluxes,lake,Pore water},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	pages = {1--25},
	shorttitle = {Solute transfer across the sediment surface of a eutrophic lake},
	title = {Solute transfer across the sediment surface of a eutrophic lake: {I}. {Porewater} profiles from dialysis samplers},
	volume = {59}}

@article{gilboa-garber_direct_1971,
	abstract = {An improved direct spectrophotometric method is described that is suited to determinations of sulfide in enzyme mixtures and in biological materials. The assay is based on the specific incorporation of sulfide into methylene blue in the presence of acidic, N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenedi-amine and ferric chloride. The major improvement in the method is achieved by quantitative precipitation of zinc sulfide and removal of the soluble components of the sample. This procedure replaces the cumbersome entrainment of hydrogen sulfide with nitrogen gas prior to addition of the color-forming reagents. This very simple in situ manipulation is efficient in preventing the interfering effects of foreign constituents of the sample medium and contributes to a further increase in the sensitivity of the method.},
	author = {Gilboa-Garber, Nechama},
	year = {1971},
	doi = {10.1016/0003-2697(71)90116-3},
	issn = {0003-2697},
	journal = {Analytical Biochemistry},
	langid = {english},
	number = {1},
	pages = {129--133},
	shortjournal = {Analytical Biochemistry},
	title = {Direct spectrophotometric determination of inorganic sulfide in biological materials and in other complex mixtures},
	volume = {43}}

@book{berner_early_1980,
	author = {Berner, Robert A.},
	year = {1980},
	isbn = {978-0-691-08260-8},
	langid = {english},
	publisher = {Princeton University Press},
	series = {Princeton Series in Geochemistry},
	title = {Early Diagenesis: A Theoretical Approach},
	url = {https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691082608/early-diagenesis},
	urldate = {2022-09-06},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691082608/early-diagenesis}}

@article{maerki_influence_2004,
	abstract = {In sediments, diffusive transport of ions and molecules is basically influenced by two sediment characteristics: tortuosity and porosity. For the first time, the formation factor F, which combines the effect of tortuosity and porosity on diffusion, was quantified in freshwater sediments at submillimeter resolution. Sediment cores were treated with {KCl} and F was determined using a resistivity sensor and K+ selective electrodes. F was determined in sediments from different water depths of the eutrophic Lake Zug (Switzerland): In sandy sediments from a shallow site (12 m depth), F increased by approximately 50\% within a few millimeters below the sediment surface. In clayey and silty sediments from the oxic ({<}80 m depth) and seasonally anoxic (80--120 m depth) zones of the lake, the initial increase in F was only 20\%. In the permanent anoxic zone ({>}160 m depth), F increased by only 10\% just below the sediment surface. Values of F were correlated with the porosity at each depth. We found close correlations of F = 1.02 · φ−1.81 for clay-silt sediments, and F = 1.04 · φ−1.21 for sandy sediments. The exponents are considerably smaller in Lake Zug than found for marine sediments, thus, diffusive transport seems to be less affected by tortuosity in this freshwater system.},
	author = {Maerki, Martin and Wehrli, Bernhard and Dinkel, Christian and M{\"u}ller, Beat},
	year = {2004},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2003.09.019},
	issn = {0016-7037},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	langid = {english},
	number = {7},
	pages = {1519--1528},
	shortjournal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	shorttitle = {The influence of tortuosity on molecular diffusion in freshwater sediments of high porosity11Associate editor},
	title = {The influence of tortuosity on molecular diffusion in freshwater sediments of high porosity},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703703007397},
	urldate = {2022-09-05},
	volume = {68},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703703007397},
	bdsk-url-2 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2003.09.019}}

@misc{QGIS_software,
	abstract = {Quantum {GIS} Development Team ({YEAR}). Quantum {GIS} Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. http://qgis.osgeo.org".},
	author = {{QGIS Development Team}},
	year = {2016},
	note = {Publication Title: Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project},
	publisher = {{QGIS} Association},
	title = {{QGIS} Geographic Information System},
	url = {http://qgis.osgeo.org.},
	bdsk-url-1 = {http://qgis.osgeo.org.}}

@misc{salminen_foregs_2005,
	abstract = {The {IUGS}/{IAGC} Global Geochemical Baseline Programme aims to establish a global geochemical reference baseline for {\textbackslash}textgreater60 determints in a range of media for environmental and other applications. The European contribution to the programme has been carried out by government institutions from 26 countries under the auspices of the Forum of European Geological Surveys ({FOREGS}). The main objectives of this European survey were: 1) to applay standardised methods of sampling, chemicval analysis and data managment to prepare a geochemical baseline across Europe ; and 2) to use this reference network to level national baseline datasets. Samples of stream water, stream sediment and three types of soil (organic top layer, minerogenic top and sub soil) have been collected at 900 stations, each representing a catchment area of 100 km2, corresponding to a sampling density of about one sample per 4700 km2. In addition, the uppermost 25 cm of floodplain sediment was sampled from 790 sites each representing a catchment area of 1000 km2. All soil and sediment samples were prepared at the same laboratory, and all samples of particular sample types were analysed by the same method at the same laboratory. More than 50 elements, both total and aqua regia extractable concentrations, and other parameters (such {pH} and grain size) were determined on the {\textbackslash}textless2 mm grain size fraction of soil and floodplain sediment samples and on the {\textbackslash}textless0.15 mm grain size fraction of stream sediment samples, and total concentrations of organic soil samples were measured after using a strong acid digestion. Nine laboratories of European geological surveys carried out the analytical work. Altogether, 360 geochemical maps showing the distribution of elements across Europe have been prepared. All the results and field observations are organised in a common database and the maps are published as a Geochemical Atlas of Europe. All the sampling sites were photographed and this photo archive is also available. Samples have been archived in the Slovak Republic for possible future use. Initial results show that the distribution patterns of both water and solid samples are related to such factors as large-scale tectonic provinces, geochemical variations of large lithological units, extension of the Weichselian glaciation, and contamination reflecting industrialized areas and regions of intensive agriculture.},
	author = {Salminen, R. and Batista, M.J. and Bidovec, M. and Demetriades, A. and De Vivo, B. and De Vos, W. and Duris, M. and Gilucis, A. and Gregorauskiene, V. and Halami{\'c}, Josip and Heitzmann, P. and Lima, A. and Jordan, G. and Klaver, G. and Klein, P. and Lis, J. and Locutura, J. and Marsina, K. and Mazreku, A. and O'Connor, P.J. and Olsson, S.A. and Ottesen, R.-T. and Petersell, V. and Plant, J.A. and Reeder, S. and Salpeteur, I. and Sandstrom, H. and Siewers, U. and Steenfelt, A. and Tarvainen, T.},
	year = {2005},
	isbn = {951-690-921-3},
	pagetotal = {526},
	publisher = {Geological Survey of Finland},
	title = {{FOREGS} {G}eochemical {A}tlas of {E}urope {P}art 1: {B}ackground {I}nformation, {M}ethodology and {M}aps},
	url = {http://weppi.gtk.fi/publ/foregsatlas/index.php}}

@article{Zurich2013,
	abstract = {Redox dynamics of manganese (Mn) were studied in the sediment of Lake Zurich using precise sediment core age models, monthly long-term oxygen (O2) monitoring data of the water column (1936-2010) and high-resolution {XRF} core scanning. The age models were based on bi-annual lamination and calcite precipitation cycles. If present, Mn exhibits distinct maxima, which coincide with the annual maximum deep-water O2 concentrations in spring according to the monitoring data. In contrast, the iron (Fe) signal is mainly the result of calcite dilution, as indicated by a strong negative correlation between Fe and calcium (Ca) {XRF} data. The Mn/Fe ratio in the core from the maximum lake depth ({ZH}10-15, 137m) revealed a moderate correlation with O2 measurements in the lake bottom water confirming the successful application of the Mn/Fe ratio to semi-quantitatively reconstruct bottom water oxygenation in the lake. Mostly low ratios were observed between 1895 and the mid-1960s as a result of eutrophication. However, geochemical focusing and sedimentological factors can reduce the applicability of the Mn/Fe ratio in reconstructing O2 concentrations in the bottom water of lakes. {\copyright} 2013 Elsevier B.V.},
	author = {Naeher, Sebastian and Gilli, Adrian and North, Ryan P. and Hamann, Yvonne and Schubert, Carsten J.},
	year = {2013},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.06.006},
	issn = {00092541},
	journal = {Chemical Geology},
	keywords = {Lake Zurich,Manganese,Mn/Fe ratio,Oxygen,Redox,{XRF} core scanning},
	pages = {125--133},
	title = {Tracing bottom water oxygenation with sedimentary {M}n/{F}e ratios in {L}ake {Z}urich, {S}witzerland},
	volume = {352},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.06.006}}

@misc{world_health_organization_global_2018,
	abstract = {When setting national drinking-water quality regulations and standards, many countries consider the {WHO} Guidelines for drinking-water quality ({GDWQ}). To better understand the extent to which the {GDWQ} are used and reflected in these standards, this global review summarizes information from 104 countries and territories on values specified in national drinking-water quality standards for aesthetic, chemical, microbiological and radiological parameters. The information provided will support regulatory agencies and other key stakeholders to access and compare data when setting or revising national drinking-water quality regulations and standards.},
	author = {{World Health Organization}},
	year = {2018},
	title = {A global overview of national regulations and standards for drinking-water quality},
	url = {https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/272345},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/272345}}

@book{schweitzer_aqueous_2010,
	abstract = {Most fields of science, applied science, engineering, and technology deal with solutions in water. This volume is a comprehensive treatment of the aqueous solution chemistry of all the elements. The information on each element is centered around an E-{pH} diagram which is a novel aid to understanding. The contents are especially pertinent to agriculture, analytical chemistry, biochemistry, biology, biomedical science and engineering, chemical engineering, geochemistry, inorganic chemistry, environmental science and engineering, food science, materials science, mining engineering, metallurgy, nuclear science and engineering, nutrition, plant science, safety, and toxicology.},
	author = {Schweitzer, George K and Pesterfield, Lester L},
	year = {2010},
	doi = {10.1093/oso/9780195393354.001.0001},
	isbn = {978-0-19-539335-4},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	title = {The Aqueous Chemistry of the Elements},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195393354.001.0001},
	urldate = {2022-05-09},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195393354.001.0001}}

@techreport{who_organotins_drinking_water_2020,
	author = {{World Health Organization}},
	year = {2020},
	title = {Organotins in drinking-water. {B}ackground document for development of {WHO} {G}uidelines for drinking-water quality},
	url = {https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/338068/WHO-HEP-ECH-WSH-2020.7-eng.pdf}}

@report{who_inorganic_tin_drinking_water_2004,
	author = {{World Health Organization}},
	year = {2004},
	title = {Inorganic tin in drinking-water. Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for drinking-water Quality},
	url = {https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/wash-documents/wash-chemicals/inorganic-tin-bd.pdf?sfvrsn=510b69c_4}}

@article{gilmour_methylation_1987,
    title={Anaerobic microbial methylation of inorganic tin in    estuarine sediment slurries},
    author={Gilmour, Cynthia C and Tuttle, Jon H and Means, Jay C},
    journal={Microbial ecology},
    volume={14},
    pages={233--242},
    year={1987},
    publisher={Springer},
    doi = {10.1007/BF02012943}}

@article{ashby_craig_methylation_1988,
title = {Environmental methylation of tin: An assessment},
journal = {Science of The Total Environment},
volume = {73},
number = {1},
pages = {127-133},
year = {1988},
note = {Organosilicon and related group IV species in the aquatic environment},
issn = {0048-9697},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(88)90193-3},
bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0048969788901933},
author = {Ashby, J.R. and Craig, P.J},
abstract = {The chemical and biological methylation of tin under environmental conditions is reviewed. The question of whether methyltin species form in situ in the environment is also considered. Analytical approaches using hydridization techniques give quite sensitive results. Incubation studies of environmental microorganisms and sediment have demonstrated the formation of methyltin species, and similar conversions have been observed with chemical methylating agents such as methyl cobalamin and methyl iodide.}}

@article{hamasaki_methymetals_1995,
author = {Hamasaki, Tetsuo  and  Nagase, Hisamitsu and Yoshioka, Yoshitada and Sato, Takahiko},
title = {Formation, distribution, and ecotoxicity of methylmetals of tin, mercury, and arsenic in the environment},
journal = {Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {45-91},
year  = {1995},
publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
doi = {10.1080/10643389509388474},
bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389509388474}}

@article{weilenmann_coagulation_1989,
  title={Particle transport in lakes: {M}odels and measurements},
  author={Weilenmann, Ulrich and O'Melia, Charles R and Stumm, Werner},
  journal={Limnology and Oceanography},
  volume={34},
  number={1},
  pages={1--18},
  year={1989},
    doi = {10.4319/lo.1989.34.1.0001},
  publisher={Wiley Online Library}}

@article{boucherle_LZ_1983,
  title={Cladoceran remains as evidence of change in trophic state in three {S}wiss lakes},
  author={Boucherle, Mary M and Z{\"u}llig, Hans},
  journal={Hydrobiologia},
  volume={103},
  pages={141--146},
  year={1983},
  publisher={Springer},
  abstract={[...]Lake Zürich sediments became annually laminated in the 1890's as a result of increased organic input as the size of the cities surrounding the lake grew. At the same time, the Bosmina species changed from a oligotrophic form (longispina) to a eutrophic form (longirostris). An increase in Daphnia spp. populations also occurred at this time in the lake's history. Bosmina longispina reappeared in the lake in 1965 as the lake's trophic status changed from eutrophic to mesotrophic due to effective sewage treatment facilities.[...]},
    doi = {10.1007/BF00028442}}