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["ID","Author/Year","Article title","Area","Delphi variant ","Consensus criterion for rating scales","Percentage level consensus","Sampling strategy ","Number of participants first round","Number of participants last round","Heterogeneity of expertise","Scope","Survey software","Question types first Delphi round","Number of items first Delphi round","Question types last Delphi round","Number of items last Delphi round","Width of rating scale","Rating scale, evasive category","Randomization of questionnaire content","Timing of consensus definition","Method and/or literature reference for the analysis of qualitative data","Feedback design to reconsider the judgments","Termination criterion","Number of rounds"]
[1,"Adams et al. 2020","A Delphi survey to determine a definition and description of hyperacusis by clinician consensus. ","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)","70%\n90%","snowball sampling\npool from a previous project or register",41,33,"Heterogeneous ","national (UK)","Online Surveys","Open-ended questions",3,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",79,"4-point scale\n5-point scale (1=Always, 5=Never)","reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[2,"Aeyels et al. 2018","Key interventions and quality indicators for quality improvement of STEMI care: a RAND Delphi survey. ","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling",34,32,"Heterogeneous ","national (Belgium)","LimeSurvey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",70,"Closed questions",73,"9-point scale (1=not appropriate, 9=very appropriate)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[3,"Afzal & Jafar 2020","Attacks on healthcare: what information is needed to understand their impact?–a Delphi study. ","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",17,13,"Heterogeneous ","international ","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",66,"7-point scale (7=Entirely Agree, 1=Entirely Disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[4,"Aghaji et al. 2021","Technical capacities needed to implement the WHO’s primary eye care package for Africa: Results of a Delphi process. ","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"snowball sampling\npurposive sampling ",9,9,"Heterogeneous ","local (sub-Saharan Africa)","Microsoft Excel ","Closed questions with possibility to comment",81,"Closed questions ","unclear or not reported","4-­point scale (1=strongly agree, 4=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[5,"Agüera-Ortiz et al. 2021","Depression in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Delphi Consensus on Etiology, Risk Factors, and Clinical Management. ","clinical patient care ","modified ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.67,"d":"67%"},"snowball sampling ",37,"unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous ","national (Spain)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",53,"Closed questions ","unclear or not reported","9-point scale (1=disagree, 9=agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[6,"Ahmed et al. 2020","Key indicators for appraising adolescent sexual and reproductive health in South Asia: international expert consensus exercise using the Delphi technique. ","healthcare/public health ","modified","Dependency analyses","not applicable","purposive sampling",24,6,"Heterogeneous ","international ","LimeSurvey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",27,"unclear or not reported",41,"5-point scale (5=high relevance, 1=not relevant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[7,"Alakaloko et al. 2019","Determination of Visual Portfolio for Surgeons OverSeas Assessment of Surgical Needs Nigeria Study: Consensus Generation through an e-Delphi Process. ","healthcare/public health ","classic","standardized measure of dispersion ","not applicable","purposive sampling",13,8,"Homogeneous ","international","Microsoft Word","Closed questions ",31,"Closed questions ",31,"5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","individual response\ngroup response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[8,"Albarqouni et al. 2018","Core Competencies in Evidence-Based Practice for Health Professionals: Consensus Statement Based on a Systematic Review and Delphi Survey. ","medical education","modified ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"snowball sampling\npurposive sampling ",184,144,"Heterogeneous ","international ","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",86,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",77,"4-point scale (omitted: is not a priority to be included in an EBP teaching program, practiced with exercises: should be practiced with exercises in an EBP teaching program)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a prioi ","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[9,"Alenazi et al. 2020","Identification of type 2 diabetes management mobile app features and engagement strategies: Modified delphi approach. ","healthcare/public health ","modified","Dependency analyses","not applicable","purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",11,11,"Heterogeneous ","national (Saudi Arabia)","SurveyMonkey","Open-ended questions",2,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",57,"5-point scale (1=srongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",4]
[10,"Ali et al. 2018","Optimizing an eHealth insomnia intervention for children with neurodevelopmental disorders: a Delphi study","clinical patient care ","classic","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion ","not applicable","purposive sampling ",27,18,"Heterogeneous ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",13,"7-point scale (1=not at all important, 7=extremely important)","reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary","Other",3]
[11,"Aloi et al. 2019","Refining diagnosis and management of chronic venous disease: Outcomes of a modified Delphi consensus process. ","clinical patient care ","modified ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",33,"unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous ","national (Italy)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions ",24,"Closed questions ",12,"5-point scale (1=disagree,  5=agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","not applicable","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[12,"Alrasheed et al. 2018","Building consensus for the development of child eye care services in South Darfur State of Sudan using the Delphi technique. ","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",18,16,"Heterogeneous ","regional (South Darfur State) ","Microsoft Excel ","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (5=strongly agree, 1=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached\nStability of judgements",3]
[13,"Alvarez & Colonna 2020","Characteristics of a technology-based intervention for young drivers’ hazard perception: A Delphi study. ","healthcare/public health ","modified","standardized measure of dispersion\nPercentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",18,14,"Heterogeneous ","international ","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",18,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",18,"7-point scale (1=Not a priority, 7=Essential priority)\n3-point scale (1=Should be ranked as a lower priority, 3=Should be ranked as a higher priority) ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[14,"Asfar et al. 2020","Delphi study among international expert panel to develop waterpipe-specific health warning labels. ","healthcare/public health ","modified","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling",30,"unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous ","international ","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",28,"Closed questions",20,"10-point scale (1=not at all, 10=very)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[15,"Aungsuroch et al. 2019","Identifying nursing research priorities in Vietnam: A modified delphi study.","medical education","modified","Other","not applicable","purposive sampling",23,17,"Heterogeneous ","national (Vietnam)","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions",55,"5-point scale (1=unimportant, 5=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[16,"Aungsuroch et al. 2020","Determining nursing research priorities in lao people’s democratic republic: A modified delphi study.","medical education","modified","Other","not applicable","purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",13,20,"Heterogeneous ","national (Lao People’s Democratic\nRepublic )","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions",13,"5-point scale (1=unimportant, 5=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[17,"Bahat et al. 2021","International Validation of the Turkish Inappropriate Medication Use in the Elderly (TIME) Criteria Set: A Delphi Panel Study.","clinical patient care","classic","standardized measure of central tendency\nPercentage agreement (adjacent scale points)","not applicable","purposive sampling",11,11,"Heterogeneous ","international ","­SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",153,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",19,"5-point scale (1=srongly agree, 5=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Stability of judgements",3]
[18,"Baines & Regan de Bere 2018","Optimizing patient and public involvement (PPI): Identifying its “essential” and “desirable” principles using a systematic review and modified Delphi methodology. ","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",18,17,"Heterogeneous ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",13,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",13,"3-point scale (essential, irrelevant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[19,"Baker et al. 2020","Development of an occupational advice intervention for patients undergoing elective hip and knee replacement: A Delphi study. ","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"pool from a previous project or register\npurposive sampling",43,11,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (UK)","­SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",64,"unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","4-point scale (srongly agree, strongly disagree)","reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary of different groups of participants\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[20,"Baker et al. 2021","Building consensus on inpatient discharge pathway components in the management of blunt thoracic injuries: An e-Delphi study amongst an international professional expert panel. ","clinical patient care","classic","percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"open calls",67,48,"Heterogeneous ","international ","­SurveyMonkey","Open-ended questions",3,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",61,"6-point scale (1=low importance, 6=High importance)","reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[21,"Bakker-van Gijssel et al. 2018","Development of a health assessment instrument for people with intellectual disabilities: A Delphi study. ","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling",43,38,"Heterogeneous ","national (Netherlands)","LimeSurvey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",96,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","2-point scale (Yes, No)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary of different groups of participants","Number of rounds",3]
[22,"Baldwin et al. 2021","Core Domains for Research on Hospital Inactivity in Acutely Ill Older Adults: A Delphi Consensus Study","clinical patient care","classic","percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"open calls",46,38,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international ","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",2,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",17,"9-point scale (1=not important, 9=critical)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",4]
[23,"Bannatyne et al. 2018","Signs and symptoms of disordered eating in pregnancy: A Delphi consensus study","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling\nopen calls",51,41,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international ","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",93,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (1=srongly disagree, 5=strongly agree, 1=not important, 5=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[24,"Bauer et al. 2019","The Barcelona Orthorexia Scale (BOS): development process using the Delphi method","clinical patient care","classic","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling",72,30,"Heterogeneous ","international ","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",105,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",35,"6-point scale (0=not representative, 5=very representative)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[25,"Beckett & Linn 2020","Development of an evidence-based residency preparation checklist using a Delphi process","medical education","classic","standardized measure of central tendency\nPercentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling",25,18,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (US)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",34,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",11,"7-point scale (1=definitely REMOVE from the checklist, 7=definitely INCLUDE on the checklist)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[26,"Belfroid et al. 2020","Towards defining core principles of public health emergency preparedness: Scoping review and Delphi consultation among European Union country experts","healthcare/public health ","modified","standardized measure of central tendency\nPercentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",27,23,"Unclear or not reported","international ","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",149,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",38,"9-point scale (1=not relevant, 9=very relevant)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported"]
[27,"Berenbrok et al. 2021","Pharmacist competencies for over-the-counter hearing aids: A Delphi study","medical education","classic","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",14,14,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (US)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",38,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",15,"3-point scale (accept, reject)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[28,"Berg et al. 2020","Establishing consensus on a definition of aphasia: an e-Delphi study of international aphasia researchers","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"convenience sampling",86,118,"Heterogeneous ","international","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",1,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",2,"2-point scale (yes, no)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis","group response or summary","Consensus reached\nStability of judgements",3]
[29,"Bergman et al. 2020","Recommendations for Welcoming Back Nursing Home Visitors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a Delphi Panel","healthcare/public health ","modified ","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"pool from a previous project or register",21,19,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions ",78,"Closed questions ",41,"3-point scale (Agree, Disagree) ","reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary","Number of rounds",2]
[30,"Bernetti et al. 2019","Appropriateness of clinical criteria for the use of SYmptomatic Slow-Acting Drug for OsteoArthritis (SYSADOA). A Delphi Method Consensus initiative among experts in Italy","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.65,"d":"65%"},"purposive sampling",63,63,"Heterogeneous ","national (Italy)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","9-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 9=completely agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[31,"Bezerra et al. 2019","Consensual improvement actions for the Tuberculosis Control Programme in Pernambuco state, Brazil: an e-Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nPercentage agreement (one scale point)","60%\n70%","purposive sampling ",10,11,"Heterogeneous ","regional (Pernambuco)","Google Forms","Open-ended questions",19,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",10,"4-point scale (3=Definitely feasible, 0=Definitely not feasible, 3=Very relevant, 0=Irrelevant)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[32,"Bhandari et al. 2020","Identifying core competencies for practicing public health professionals: results from a Delphi exercise in Uttar Pradesh, India","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling ",22,19,"Heterogeneous ","regional (Uttar\nPradesh, India)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions",54,"Closed questions",54,"5-point scale (1=not\nat all important, 5=absolutely essential)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","not applicable","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[33,"Birchall et al. 2021","The Role of Instrumental Swallowing Assessment in Adults in Residential Aged Care Homes: A National Modified Delphi Survey Examining Beliefs and Practices","clinical patient care ","modified ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nPercentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive quota/random sampling ",58,44,"Homogeneous ","national (Australia)","REDCap ","Closed questions with possibility to comment","24 - 36","Closed questions with possibility to comment","34 - 37 ","5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[34,"Blade et al. 2018","Defining a set of standardised outcome measures for newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma using the Delphi consensus method: The IMPORTA project","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",51,45,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Spain)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions",26,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","7-point scale (1=in total disagreement, 7=in total agreement)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[35,"Blease et al. 2020","US primary care in 2029: A Delphi survey on the impact of machine learning","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)\nstandardized measure of dispersion",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",16,13,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","JISC Online Surveys","Open-ended questions",7,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",27,"7-point scale (1=greatly decrease, 7=greatly increase, 1=very unlikely, 7=very likely, 1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree)\n2-point sclae (yes, no)","reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[36,"Boylan et al. 2019","A healthy, sustainable and safe food system: Examining the perceptions and role of the Australian policy actor using a Delphi survey","healthcare/public health ","modified ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"snowball sampling",29,14,"Heterogeneous ","national (Australia)","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",3,"Closed questions ",38,"5-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree, very important, not important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[37,"Braude et al. 2018","The development of a template for psychological assessment of women considering risk-reducing or contralateral prophylactic mastectomy: A national Delphi consensus study","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",25,21,"Heterogeneous ","national (Australia)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",36,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",6,"5-point scale (1=strongly disagree,  5=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[38,"Brown et al. 2020","What Research Questions Should the Next Generation of Birth Cohort Studies Address? An International Delphi Study of Experts","methodological health research ","classic","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling",17,18,"Heterogeneous ","international ","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions",22,"7-point scale (1=not at all important, 7=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[39,"Burke et al. 2018","Providing mental health peer support 1: A Delphi study to develop consensus on the essential components, costs, benefits, barriers and facilitators","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"snowball sampling\npurposive sampling",4,44,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (UK)","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported",225,"Closed questions",21,"5-point scale (1=essential, 5= should not be included, 1=strongly agree, 5=strongly disagree)","reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[40,"Busquet-Duran et al. 2021","Assessing Face Validity of the HexCom Model for Capturing Complexity in Clinical Practice: A Delphi Study","methodological health research ","classic","Other","not applicable","purposive sampling ",14,14,"Heterogeneous ","national (Spain)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",60,"Closed questions ",20,"5-point scale (1=Strongly disagree, 5 =Strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[41,"Butow et al. 2019","A research agenda for fear of cancer recurrence: A Delphi study conducted in Australia","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"snowball sampling",31,23,"Heterogeneous ","national (Australia)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",27,"Closed questions",8,"5-point scale (1=very important, 5=not important at all)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[42,"Cartledge et al. 2019","Development of standardised programme content for phase II cardiac rehabilitation programmes in Australia using a modified Delphi process","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},"purposive sampling",12,12,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Australia)","Qualtrics","Closed questions",49,"Closed questions",47,"9-point scale (1=not necessary, 9=essential)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a posteriori","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[43,"Cashin et al. 2020","Items for consideration in a reporting guideline for mediation analyses: A Delphi study","methodological health research ","classic","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling",19,19,"Heterogeneous ","international ","CLINVIVO","Closed questions with possibility to comment",33,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",3,"9-point scale (1=not important, 9=very confident)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",3]
[44,"Cashin et al. 2021","What parents want to know in the first postnatal year: A Delphi consensus study","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling\nopen calls ",17,16,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Australia)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","2-point scale (Important, Not Important)\n3-point scale (Essential, Unimportant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[45,"Castro-Calvo et al. 2021","Expert appraisal of criteria for assessing gaming disorder: an international Delphi study","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",19,19,"Heterogeneous ","international ","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",13,"Closed questions",3,"5-point scale (1=unimportant, 5=extremely important)","reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached\nStability of judgements",3]
[46,"Chae et al. 2019","Agreement on Core Components of an E-Learning Cultural Competence Program for Public Health Workers in South Korea: A Delphi Study","medical education","classic","standardized measure of central tendency\nPercentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling",16,16,"Heterogeneous ","national (South Korea)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",44,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",32,"5-point scale (1=not important, 5=very important, 1=very low, 5=very high)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[47,"Chalmers et al. 2020","Offering mental health first aid to a person after a potentially traumatic event: a Delphi study to redevelop the 2008 guidelines","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",54,37,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international ","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (essential, should not be included)","reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[48,"Chang et al. 2020","Development of indicators to assure quality of disability evaluation based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health in Taiwan: a Delphi consensus","healthcare/public health ","classic","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling",20,18,"Homogeneous","national (Taiwan)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",52,"Closed questions",61,"5-point scale (5=very important, 1=unimportant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[49,"Charadram et al. 2021","Development of a European consensus from dentists, dental hygienists and physicians on a standard for oral health care in care-dependent older people: An e-Delphi study","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"convenience sampling",32,32,"Heterogeneous ","international ","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",30,"Closed questions",1,"5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached\nNumber of rounds",6]
[50,"Cherkaoui et al. 2020","A Standard Set of Value-Based Patient-Centered Outcomes for Pancreatic Carcinoma: An International Delphi Survey","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.85,"d":"85%"},"unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",92,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",4]
[51,"Cho et al. 2020","Core Outcome Domains for Trials in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: An International Delphi Survey","methodological health research ","classic","standardized measure of central tendency\nPercentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling\npool from a previous project or register",1014,713,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international ","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",41,"Closed questions",17,"9-point scale (1=limited importance, 9=critical importance)","reported","reported","a posteriori","Thematic analysis","group response or summary of different groups of participants\nindividual response","Stability of judgements",2]
[52,"Choi et al. 2020","Building consensus on the priority-setting for national policies in health information technology: A Delphi survey","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",16,16,"unclear or not reported","national (South Korea)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",36,"Closed questions",40,"4-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 4=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[53,"Connell et al. 2020","Practice priorities for acute care nursing: A Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling",30,12,"Homogeneous","regional  (Victoria, Australia)","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions","unclear","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (1=very low risk, 5=very high risk, 1=very rarely, 5=very often)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[54,"Cook et al. 2018","What traits are reflective of positive professional performance in physical therapy program graduat a delphi study","medical education","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nPercentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling",21,21,"Homogeneous","unclear or not reported","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions",42,"4-point scale (1=strongly agree, 4=strongly disagree)\n2-point scale (Yes, No)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[55,"Corrêa et al. 2020","Identification of relevant International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) categories in patients with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: a Delphi exercise","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",7,5,"Heterogeneous ","national (Brazil)","Google Forms","Closed questions with possibility to comment",224,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",224,"unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a posteriori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[56,"Cottrill et al. 2021","Offering mental health first aid to a person experiencing psychosis: a Delphi study to redevelop the guidelines published in 2008","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling\nopen calls","unclear or not reported",59,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international ","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",471,"Closed questions",6,"5-point scale (essential, should not be included)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[57,"Croes et al. 2020","Core Elements of Shared Decision-making for Women Considering Breast Cancer Screening: Results of a Modified Delphi Survey","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive quota/random sampling",27,25,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (US)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",32,"Closed questions",2,"5-point scale (not at all important, extremely important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[58,"Crudgington et al. 2019 ","Core Health Outcomes in Childhood Epilepsy (CHOICE): Development of a core outcome set using systematic review methods and a Delphi survey consensus","methodological health research ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",102,80,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (UK)","DelphiManager","Closed questions with possibility to comment",48,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",52,"9-point scale (1=less important, 9=critical for inclusion)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary of different groups of participants\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[59,"Cullerton et al. 2019","Building consensus on interactions between population health researchers and the food industry: Two-stage, online, international Delphi study and stakeholder survey","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",100,92,"Heterogeneous ","international ","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",56,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",28,"5-point scale (1=strongly agree, 5=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[60,"Dai et al. 2019","Construction of an index system for qualitative evaluation of undergraduate nursing students innovative ability: A Delphi study","medical education","classic","standardized measure of central tendency \nstandardized measure of dispersion  ","not applicable","purposive sampling",19,19,"Heterogeneous ","national (China)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",31,"unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported"," 5‐point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary","Consensus reached",3]
[61,"Dale et al. 2021","A Delphi yarn: applying Indigenous knowledges to enhance the cultural utility of SMART Recovery Australia","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",11,11,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Australia)","REDCap","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment",29,"5-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree)\n2-point sclae (accept, reject)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Content analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[62,"Damen et al. 2019","Creating an Interprofessional guideline to support patients receiving oral anticoagulation therapy: a Delphi exercise","clinical patient care","classic","standardized measure of central tendency\npercentage agreement (unlcear)","not applicable","purposive sampling",17,20,"Heterogeneous ","international ","Google Forms","Open-ended questions",20,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",18,"10-point scale (1=completely disagree, 10=completely agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",4]
[63,"Dars et al. 2021","When, why and how foot orthoses (FOs) should be prescribed for children with flexible pes planus: a Delphi survey of podiatrists","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive quota/random sampling",15,14,"Heterogeneous ","international ","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",31,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",43,"5-point scale (strongly disagree, strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds\nOther",3]
[64,"Dekker et al. 2020","Definition and Characteristics of Behavioral Medicine, and Main Tasks and Goals of the International Society of Behavioral Medicine-an International Delphi Study","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",24,27,"unclear or not reported","international ","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",9,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",1,"5-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",4]
[65,"Denost et al. 2020","The development of a regional referral pathway for locally recurrent rectal cancer: A Delphi consensus study","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",59,59,"Heterogeneous ","regional (South-West,\nFrance)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",20,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",12,"10-point scale (1=the most useful, 10=the most useless)\n2-point scale (useful, useless)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","individual response","Number of rounds",3]
[66,"Devane et al. 2019","Identifying and prioritising midwifery care process metrics and indicators: A Delphi survey and stakeholder consensus process","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling","263\n217","183\n151","Homogeneous","national (Ireland)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment","22\n109","Closed questions","30\n110","9-point scale (1=not important, 9=important)","reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[67,"Dewa et al. 2018","Identifying research priorities for patient safety in mental health: An international expert Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"snowball sampling\npurposive sampling ",42,28,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions ",117,"Closed questions ",44,"5-point scale\n(strongly agree, strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","not applicable","group response or summary","Consensus reached\nNumber of rounds",3]
[68,"Dolan et al. 2020","A Systematic Review and Delphi Study to Ascertain Common Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dementia and Brain-Related Complications of Diabetes in Adults","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"unclear or not reported",14,13,"Heterogeneous ","international ","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",23,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",17,"5-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[69,"Domensino et al. 2020","Defining the content of a minimal dataset for acquired brain injury using a Delphi procedure","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.51,"d":"51%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",45,40,"Heterogeneous ","national (Netherlands)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","2-point scale (yes, no)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[70,"Doolan-Noble et al. 2019","Establishing gold standards for System-Level Measures: A modified Delphi consensus process","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"convenience sampling\nsnowball sampling",12,19,"Heterogeneous ","international ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment",15,"unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",2]
[71,"Dragomir et al. 2021","An international Delphi consensus study to define motivational communication in the context of developing a training program for physicians","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling",8,17,"Heterogeneous ","international ","LimeSurvey","Open-ended questions",1,"unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","3-point scale (low importance, high importance)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",8]
[72,"Dufour et al. 2019","Establishing Expert-Based Recommendations for the Conservative Management of Pregnancy-Related Diastasis Rectus Abdominis: A Delphi Consensus Study","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (unclear)\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",21,17,"Heterogeneous ","national (Canada)","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",82,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",40,"5-point scale \n(1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[73,"Dupras et al. 2020","Governing the futures of non-invasive prenatal testing: An exploration of social acceptability using the Delphi method","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.9,"d":"90%"},"purposive sampling",61,47,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Canada)","LimeSurvey","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",12,"7-point scale (1=Not relevant, 7=Relevant)\n2-point sclae (Yes, No)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[74,"Edwards et al. 2020","Development of the advancing the patient experience in COPD registry: A modified delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.66,"d":"66%"},"purposive sampling ",13,14,"Heterogeneous ","international ","Microsoft Excel","Closed questions with possibility to comment",189,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",71,"2-point scale (Yes, No)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[75,"Ekawati et al. 2021","Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) management pathways: results of a Delphi survey to contextualise international recommendations for Indonesian primary care settings","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",48,37,"Heterogeneous ","national (Indonesia)","REDCap","Closed questions with possibility to comment\nOpen-ended questions",62,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (1=strong disagreement, 5=strong agreement)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","individual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[76,"Errett et al. 2020","Developing an environmental health sciences covid-19 research agenda: Results from the niehs disaster research response (dr2) work group’s modified delphi method","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.69,"d":"69%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",26,26,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","Google Forms\nREDCap","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",33,"9-point scale (1=low priority, 9=high priority)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[77,"Fang et al. 2018","Development of a nationwide consensus curriculum of perioperative medicine: A modified Delphi method","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling",32,32,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Japan)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",115,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",122,"4-point scale (0=essential, 3=unnecessary, 0=easy, 3=too difficult)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[78,"Farrell et al. 2018","Health care providers’ roles and responsibilities in management of polypharmacy: Results of a modified Delphi","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)","75%\n50%","snowball sampling",98,73,"Heterogeneous ","national (Canada)","Fluid Surveys","Closed questions with possibility to comment",63,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (no, not responsible)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary of different groups of participants","unclear or not reported",2]
[79,"Feldman et al. 2021","Development of a Set of Lupus-Specific, Ambulatory Care–Sensitive, Potentially Preventable Adverse Conditions: A Delphi Consensus Study","clinical patient care","modified","standardized measure of central tendency\nPercentage agreement (other conditions)\nPercentage agreement (adjacent scale points)","unclear or not reported","purposive sampling",16,15,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",35,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",24,"9-point scale (1=definitely preventable, 9=definitely not preventable)\n4-point Likert sclae (A=extremely important, D=not\nimportant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",4]
[80,"Filler et al. 2020","Patient-Centered Care for Women: Delphi Consensus on Evidence-Derived Recommendations","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.85,"d":"85%"},"pool from a previous project or register\nsnowball sampling",42,42,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Canada)","Google Forms","Closed questions with possibility to comment",47,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","5\n6","7-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary of different groups of participants","Number of rounds",2]
[81,"Foyston et al. 2019","Who needs secure services for personality disorder?\" Results of an expert Delphi study with professional staff","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",51,34,"Heterogeneous ","national (UK)","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",37,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",27,"5-point scale (highly likely, highly unlikely)","reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds",2]
[82,"Freedman et al. 2021","Diagnosis, Education, and Care of Patients with APOL1-Associated Nephropathy: A Delphi Consensus and Systematic Review","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling",14,14,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (US)","SurveyMonkey","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[83,"Frenzel et al. 2021","A modified delphi involving laboratory faculty to define essential skills for pharmacy graduates","medical education ","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"snowball sampling\npurposive sampling ",14,12,"unclear or not reported","national (US)","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",4,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",289,"10-point scale (1=not important, 10=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[84,"Fruijtier et al. 2019","ABIDE Delphi study: Topics to discuss in diagnostic consultations in memory clinics","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"open calls \npurposive sampling\npool from a previous project or register",222,175,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Netherlands)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",39,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",44,"7-point scale (1=not important\nat all, 7=extremely important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[85,"Fung et al. 2019","Determining predictors of sepsis at triage among children under 5 years of age in resource-limited settings: A modified Delphi process","clinical patient care","modified","Other","not applicable","unclear or not reported",26,25,"Heterogeneous ","international","REDCap","Closed questions with possibility to comment",72,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",16,"3-point scale (3=high, 1=minimal)","reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[86,"Furyk et al. 2018","Consensus research priorities for paediatric status epilepticus: A Delphi study of health consumers, researchers and clinicians","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)","70%\n50%","open calls\nsnowball sampling",54,44,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","local (Australia, New Zealand)","SurveyMonkey","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",16,"7-point scale (1=very low priority, 7=very high priority)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Other\nContent analysis\nThematic analys","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[87,"Geethan et al. 2021","Management Guidelines for Infection After ACL Reconstruction: Expert Opinion Statement Based on the Modified Delphi Survey of Indian Arthroscopy Surgeons","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",30,21,"Homogeneous","national (India)","Google Forms","Closed questions with possibility to comment",39,"Closed questions",22,"5-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree)\n3-point scale (Agree, Disagree)","reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[88,"Gerbens et al. 2019","TREatment of ATopic eczema (TREAT) Registry Taskforce: an international Delphi exercise to identify a core set of domains and domain items for national atopic eczema photo- and systemic therapy registries","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"open calls\npool from a previous project or register",410,303,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","DelphiManager","Closed questions with possibility to comment",89,"Closed questions",136,"9-point scale (1=not important, 9=critical)","reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[89,"Gidman et al. 2019","Clinicians’ Perspectives on Cure in Adult Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with Minimal Residual Disease: A Delphi Study","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (other conditions)","75%\n80%","purposive sampling","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous ","international ","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[90,"Graf et al. 2021","Understanding the evolution of coverage policies for prophylaxis treatments of hemophilia A without inhibitors: a payer Delphi panel","clinical patient care ","modified ","percentage agreement (unclear) \nstandardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion ",{"v":0.74,"d":"74%"},"snowball sampling\npurposive sampling ",20,19,"Homogeneous ","national (US)","Welphi","Closed questions ",64,"Closed questions ",64,"Ratio scale \n(0%=highly unlikely, 100%=highly likely)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[91,"Graham-Clarke et al. 2021","A Delphi study to explore and gain consensus regarding the most important barriers and facilitators affecting physiotherapist and pharmacist non-medical prescribing","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency\nDependency analyses\nstandardized measure of dispersion\nPercentage agreement (adjacent scale points)","60%\n70%","purposive sampling",42,20,"Heterogeneous ","national (UK)","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",41,"6-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[92,"Grant et al. 2020","Prioritizing Needs and Outcomes for Adolescent Substance Use Treatment Planning: An Online Modified-Delphi Process","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (other conditions)","not applicable","purposive sampling",194,"unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (US)","RAND’s ExpertLens","Closed questions",58,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","9-point scale (1=lower importance, 9=higher importance)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[93,"Guseva Canu et al. 2021","Harmonized definition of occupational burnout: A systematic review, semantic analysis, and Delphi consensus in 29 countries","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",55,50,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",2,"Closed questions",2,"9-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[94,"Hamlet et al. 2018","Consensus research priorities for facial palsy: A Delphi survey of patients, carers, clinicians and researchers","clinical patient care ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"open calls\nsnowball sampling",82,78,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (UK)","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions",42,"5-point scale (1=very important, 5=very unimportant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[95,"Hampshaw et al. 2018","What is a research derived actionable tool, and what factors should be considered in their development? A Delphi study","methodological health research ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling",10,23,"Heterogeneous ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (1=strongly agree, 5=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[96,"Han et al. 2021","Gastroenterology nurse prescribing in China: A Delphi method","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)","51%\n80%","purposive sampling",25,25,"Heterogeneous ","national (China)","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported",114,"unclear or not reported",76,"5-point scale (Independent prescribing, Not recommended)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Other",2]
[97,"Hanson et al. 2020","A modified Delphi study to gain consensus for a taxonomy to report and classify physical activity referral schemes (PARS)","healthcare/public health ","modified","standardized measure of central tendency","not applicable","purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",47,43,"Heterogeneous ","national (UK)","Slido\nNOVI survey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",2,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",29,"11-point scale (0=Do not agree at all, 10=Agree very strongly, 0=Unimportant, 10=Very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[98,"Havers et al. 2019","Implementation of government-directed policy in the hospital setting: A modified Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"snowball sampling\npurposive sampling",11,9,"Heterogeneous ","international ","KeySurvey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",19,"Closed questions",16,"5-point scale","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[99,"Heagele et al. 2020","Household emergency preparedness instrument development: A Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling\nopen calls",154,79,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",106,"Closed questions",51,"5-point scale (1=unessential, 5=essential)\n2-point scale (unessential, essential)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","Consensus reached",3]
[100,"Hertroijs et al. 2019","Relevant patient characteristics for estimating healthcare needs according to healthcare providers and people with type 2 diabetes: A Delphi survey","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of dispersion\nstandardized measure of central tendency","not applicable","purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling","22\n46","22\n41","Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Netherlands)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment","18\n13","Closed questions","12\n6","5-point scale (1=totally irrelevant, 5=extremely relevant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[101,"Hill et al. 2019","Development of best practice guidelines for suicide-related crisis response and aftercare in the emergency department or other acute settings: A Delphi expert consensus study 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1117 Public Health and Health Services","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)","80%\n70%","purposive sampling",89,60,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Australia)","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",525,"unclear or not reported",55,"5-point scale (1=essential, 5=should not be included)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[102,"Homberg et al. 2020","Findings from a three-round Delphi study: essential topics for interprofessional training on complementary and integrative medicine","medical education","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",50,36,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","local (Germany, Switzerland)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",61,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",45,"7-point scale (1=not at all relevant, 7=very relevant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[103,"Homberg et al. 2021","Consensus views on competencies and teaching methods for an interprofessional curriculum on complementary and integrative medicine: A Delphi study","medical education","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",50,36,"Heterogeneous ","local (German-speaking)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",18,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","7-point scale (1=not at all relevant, 7=very relevant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Inductive approach","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[104,"Hood et al. 2019","Measuring appropriate antibiotic prescribing in acute hospitals: Development of a national audit tool through a Delphi consensus","clinical patient care","modified","standardized measure of central tendency","not applicable","purposive sampling",19,13,"Heterogeneous ","national (UK)","SelectSurvey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",25,"Closed questions",2,"5-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[105,"Howarth et al. 2019","Delphi study to identify key features of community-based child and adolescent mental health services in the East of England","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"pool from a previous project or register","8\n44","5\n33","Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","regional (East of England)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",137,"Closed questions","95\n114","10-point scale (0=low importance, 10=high importance, 0=low agreement, 10=high agreement)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported"," group response or summary of different groups of participants\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[106,"Howlett et al. 2018","Defining electronic-prescribing and infusion-related medication errors in paediatric intensive care - A Delphi study","clinical patient care","modified","standardized measure of dispersion\nstandardized measure of central tendency","not applicable","convenience sampling\npurposive sampling",37,30,"Heterogeneous ","regional (Dublin)","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",17,"Closed questions",2,"9-point scale (1=definitely not an error, 9=definitely an error)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[107,"Hoxhaj et al. 2021","Core Competencies in Cancer Genomics for Healthcare Professionals: Results From a Systematic Literature Review and a Delphi Process","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"unclear or not reported",6,6,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",100,"Closed questions",97,"2-point scale (yes, no)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[108,"Hsu et al. 2020","Identifying Geriatric Oncology Competencies for Medical Oncology Trainees: A Modified Delphi Consensus Study","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",31,27,"Heterogeneous ","local (North America)","SurveyMonkey","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions",62,"2-point scale (Agree, Disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",4]
[109,"Huang et al. 2020","Development of a comprehensive core set from the international classification of functioning, disability and health for return to work among patients with stroke through Delphi-based consensus","healthcare/public health ","classic","standardized measure of central tendency ","not applicable","purposive sampling",30,30,"Heterogeneous ","national (Taiwan)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions ",179,"Closed questions ","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (5=very important, 1=not important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[110,"Huang et al. 2021","Development international classification of functioning, disability and health core set for post total knee replacement rehabilitation program: Delphi-based consensus study in taiwan","clinical patient care","classic ","standardized measure of dispersion\nDependency analyses","not applicable","purposive sampling",20,20,"Homogeneous ","national (Taiwan)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions",47,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (5=very important, 1=not important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[111,"Hung et al. 2019","Setting policy priorities for front-of-pack health claims and symbols in the European union: Expert consensus built by using a delphi method","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling",10,13,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions",61,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",20,"10-point scale (1=absolutely irrelevant, 10=absolutely relevant, 1=absolutely unimportant, 10=absolutely important, 1=absolutely old finding(s), 10=absolutely novel finding(s), 1=absolutely unclear, 10=absolutely clear, 1=absolutely contradictory to belief, 10=absolutely consistent with belief, 1=absolutely unfeasible, 10=absolutely feasible, 1=absolutely ineffective, 10=absolutely effective, 1=absolutely inefficient, 10=absolutely inefficient, 1=absolutely\ncontradictory to current policies, 10=absolutely coherent with current policies, 1=absolutely likely to have negative impacts, 10=absolutely unlikely to have negative impacts)\n7-point scale (1=absolutely irrelevant to your organization, 7=absolutely relevant to your organization, 1=absolutely unfeasible in practice, 7=absolutely feasible in practice)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a posteriori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[112,"Huth et al. 2020","Core Curricular Priorities in the Care of Children With Medical Complexity: A North American Modified Delphi Study","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)\nOther",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",16,16,"Heterogeneous ","local (North America)","REDCap","Closed questions with possibility to comment",40,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",5,"3-point scale (essential, not important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds\nConsensus reached",3]
[113,"Ingoe et al. 2020","An international multi-stakeholder delphi consensus exercise to develop a core outcomes set (COS) for surgical fixation of rib fractures","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling\nopen calls",65,23,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",60,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","9-point scale (1=not important, 9=critically important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[114,"Iqbal et al. 2021","Entrustable Professional Activities for Small-Group Facilitation: A Validation Study Using Modified Delphi Technique","medical education","modified","Other","not applicable","snowball sampling\npurposive sampling",31,29,"Heterogeneous ","international ","QuestionPro","Closed questions with possibility to comment",9,"Closed questions with possibility to comment\nClosed questions ",28,"5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)\n3-point scale (1=competency is needed, 3=competency is not needed)","reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[115,"Jabar et al. 2019","Modified Delphi study to determine optimal data elements for inclusion in a pilot violence and injury observatory in Cape Town, South Africa","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"unclear or not reported",21,21,"Heterogeneous ","regional (Cape Town)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported",25,"5-point scale (1=can be dropped, 5=essential to include)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[116,"Jasser & Almoajel 2020","Adopting the triple aim framework in the Saudi healthcare system: A Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",17,17,"Heterogeneous ","national (Saudi Arabia)","Google Forms","Closed questions with possibility to comment",17,"Closed questions ","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (1=Strongly Agree,  5=Strongly Disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis\n","individual response\n","Number of rounds",2]
[117,"Jenkins et al. 2019","Labial trauma post birth: A delphi study of classification and suturing requirements","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",16,20,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions",6,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[118,"Jiménez-Rodríguez et al. 2020","Consensus on criteria for good practices in video consultation: A Delphi study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"unclear or not reported",16,16,"Heterogeneous ","international","Google Forms","Closed questions with possibility to comment",14,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",38,"4-point scale (1=totally disagree with the inclusion, 4=totally agree with the inclusion)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","Consensus reached",3]
[119,"Jin et al. 2020","Development of type 2 diabetes mellitus quality indicators in general practice by a modified Delphi method in Beijing, China","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency","85%\n65%\n70%","purposive sampling",30,27,"Heterogeneous ","regional (Bejing)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",43,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",37,"9-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[120,"Jones et al. 2020","Evaluating follow-up and complexity in cancer clinical trials (EFACCT): An eDelphi study of research professionals’ perspectives","methodological health research ","classic","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",27,25,"Heterogeneous ","local (Scotland and England)","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",7,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",214,"7-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary\nindividual response","Stability of judgements",3]
[121,"Käfer & Niederberger 2020","The future of digitally supported workplace health promotion: Results of a Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (one scale point)\nstandardized measure of dispersion",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",35,15,"Heterogeneous ","national (Germany)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","10-point scale (1=schlechtere Erreichbarkeit, 10=bessere Erreichbarkeit, 1=keine Zustimmung, 10=vollkommene Zustimmung) \n5-point scale \n2-point scale","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[122,"Kalafatis et al. 2019","Defining fitness for purpose in South African anaesthesiologists using a delphi technique to assess the canMEDS framework","medical education","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",16,16,"Heterogeneous ","local (South Africa)","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",89,"Closed questions",3,"4-point scale (1=not important at all, 4=absolutely essential)\n9-point scale (1=Least important, 9=Most important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[123,"Kao et al. 2018","Identifying essential information to support patient decision-making regarding participation in cancer clinical trials: A Delphi study","Methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (one scale point)\nstandardized measure of dispersion",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",151,114,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","SurveyMonkey","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",30,"5-point scale (0=not at all important, 4=extremely important)\n2-point scale (essential, optional)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[124,"Karampatakis et al. 2019","Capturing pharmacists’ impact in general practice: An e-Delphi study to attempt to reach consensus amongst experts about what activities to record","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nPercentage agreement (one scale point)","51%\n70%\n80%","purposive sampling",12,16,"Homogeneous ","national (UK)","Bristol Online Surveys","Closed questions with possibility to comment",81,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",28,"5-point scale (1=definitely disagree, 5=definitely agree, very important, Not at all)\n2-point scale (useful, not useful)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds\nConsensus reached",3]
[125,"Kathnelson et al. 2021","Utilizing the Delphi Method to Assess Issues of Sexuality for Men Living with Spinal Cord Injury","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"open calls",20,15,"Homogeneous (only patients)","national (Iran)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",60,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",24,"7-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[126,"Kavosi et al. 2018","Factors influencing decision making for healthcare services outsourcing: A review and Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous ","national (Canada)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",29,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","9-point scale (1=low importance, 9=important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",2]
[127,"Keegan et al. 2019","Defining physical literacy for application in Australia: A modified delphi method","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics\nSkype","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","11-point scale \n5-point scale (strongly disapprove, strongly approve)\n2-point sclae (yes, no)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",3]
[128,"Kelleher et al. 2020","An e-delphi study to identify priority areas for education on advance care planning in copd management","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",21,21,"Heterogeneous ","unclear or not reported","LimeSurvey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",40,"Closed questions",10,"5-point scale (1=very limited importance, 5=very critical)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[129,"Kelly et al. 2018","Research priorities for respiratory nursing: a UK-wide Delphi study","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",183,85,"Heterogeneous ","national (UK)","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",78,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",55,"5-point scale (1=not at all important, 5=extremely important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[130,"Kerns et al. 2019","A Multisite, Multidisciplinary Delphi Consensus Study Describing \"Usual Care\" Intervention Strategies for School-Age to Transition-Age Youth With Autism","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",66,53,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",49,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",55,"4-point scale (1=not at all, 4=very)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds\nStability of judgements",2]
[131,"Khan et al. 2019 ","Are we prepared? The development of performance indicators for public health emergency preparedness using a modified Delphi approach","healthcare/public health ","modified ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"snowball sampling\npurposive sampling ",33,28,"Heterogeneous ","national (Canada)","Acuity4","Closed questions with possibility to comment",62,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",12,"7-point scale","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori ","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[132,"Khawar et al. 2020","Defining elimination of genital warts—a modified delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of dispersion",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",18,26,"Heterogeneous ","national (Australia)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",9,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",5,"9-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 9=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis\n","group response or summary","Consensus reached\nStability of judgements",3]
[133,"Kim et al. 2021","Essential Medical Information for Stroke Patients Undergoing Interhospital Transfer: A Delphi Study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"unclear or not reported",31,31,"Heterogeneous ","national (South Korea)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",32,"Closed questions",38,"3-point scale (very necessary, not necessary) ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[134,"Kirschbaum et al. 2019","Q sample construction: A novel approach incorporating a Delphi technique to explore opinions about codeine dependence","Methodological health research","classic ","standardized measure of dispersion\nstandardized measure of central tendency","not applicable","purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",15,11,"Heterogeneous ","international","LimeSurvey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",111,"Closed questions",41,"5-point scale (1=not imortant, 5=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",2]
[135,"Knaapen et al. 2020","International Core Outcome Set for Acute Simple Appendicitis in Children: Results of A Systematic Review, Delphi Study, and Focus Groups with Young People","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)\nPercentage agreement (adjacent scale points)","70%\n90%","purposive sampling",393,300,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","DelphiManager","Closed questions with possibility to comment",43,"Closed questions",38,"9-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds\nConsensus reached",2]
[136,"Knapp et al. 2020","Retail clinics colocated with pharmacies: A Delphi study of pharmacist impacts and recommendations for optimization","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nPercentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"unclear or not reported",8,8,"Homogeneous ","national (US)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment\nOpen-ended questions","15\n5","Closed questions","15\n15","4-point scale (none, great)\n3-point scale (very important, not very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[137,"Koch et al. 2020","The relevance, feasibility and benchmarking of nursing quality indicators: A Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling\nconvenience sampling",38,26,"Heterogeneous ","national (switzerland)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",19,"Closed questions",21,"3-point scale (3=high, 1=low) ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[138,"Koehn & Charles 2019","A Delphi Study to Determine Leveling of the Interprofessional Core Competencies for Four Levels of Interprofessional Practice","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"open calls",38,22,"Heterogeneous ","unclear or not reported","Qualtrics","Closed questions",38,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",38,"4-point scale (Level 1, Level 4)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[139,"Kolbuck et al. 2020","Formative development of a fertility decision aid for transgender adolescents and young adults: a multidisciplinary Delphi consensus study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling",78,59,"Heterogeneous ","local (US, Canada)","REDCap ","Closed questions with possibility to comment",39,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",49,"5-point scale (Not at all imortant, Extremely important)\n4-point scale (Definitely Cut, Definitely Keep)","reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",2]
[140,"Kpokiri et al. 2021","Development of an international sexual and reproductive health survey instrument: results from a pilot WHO/HRP consultative Delphi process","healthcare/public health ","modified ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"open calls\nsnowball sampling\npurposive sampling",47,23,"Heterogeneous ","international ","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",12,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",19,"5-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[141,"Krasuska et al. 2020","Technological capabilities to assess digital excellence in hospitals in high performing health care systems: International edelphi exercise","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",34,31,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",25,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",51,"9-point scale (1=strongly agree, 9=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",2]
[142,"Krausch-Hofmann et al. 2021","Development of practice guidelines for daily oral care in care-dependent older adults to complement the InterRAI suite of instruments using a modified Delphi approach","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"open call\npurposive sampling",26,23,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",54,"Closed questions",6,"5-point scale (1=strongly agree, 5=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[143,"Kuhnt et al. 2018","The Development of Quality Standards for the Psychosocial Outpatient Care of Cancer Patients - Results of a Delphi Survey [Die Entwicklung von Qualitätsstandards für die ambulante psychosoziale Krebsberatung - Ergebnisse einer Delphibefragung]","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling\npool from a previous project or register",81,73,"Heterogeneous ","national (Germany)","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",116,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",21,"2-point scale (Ja, Nein)\n4-point scale (1=gar nicht relevant, 4=sehr relevant)\n3-point scale (1=Dieses Kriterium ohne Änderungen annehmen, 3=Dieses Kriterium nicht annehmen)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[144,"Kwakman et al. 2019","Physiotherapy treatment approaches for survivors of critical illness: a proposal from a Delphi study","clinical patient care","modified","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling",9,10,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Netherlands)","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment",68,"5-point scale (1=essential, 5=undesirable)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds\nConsensus reached",3]
[145,"Laatz et al. 2019","Developing a South African Helicopter Emergency Medical Service Activation Screen (SAHAS): A Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",65,42,"Heterogeneous ","international","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",57,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",14,"2-point scale (Agree, Disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[146,"Lagacé-Legendre et al. 2021","Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms: An Expert Consensus-Based Definition Using the Delphi Method","clinical patient care","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency\nPercentage agreement (other conditions)","not applicable","purposive quota/random sampling ",16,8,"Heterogeneous ","national (Canada)","FluidSurveys","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions",4,"9-point scale (1=irrelevant, 9=essential)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",5]
[147,"Lambert et al. 2019","Priorities for caregiver research in cancer care: an international Delphi survey of caregivers, clinicians, managers, and researchers","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of dispersion",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"convenience sampling\npurposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",249,110,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","4-point scale (1=not important to do more research, 4=very important to do\nmore research)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[148,"Lee et al. 2019","Development of korean disaster mental health support guidelines: Results of a scoping review and a delphi survey","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"unclear or not reported",23,23,"unclear or not reported","national (South Korea)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",142,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",140,"9-point scale (1=not at all appropriate, 9=very appropriate)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",2]
[149,"Lee et al. 2020","Expert consensus on the development of a health-related questionnaire for the pediatric field of Korean medicine: a Delphi study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.66,"d":"66%"},"purposive sampling",18,18,"Homogeneous","national (South Korea)","Hangul program file","Closed questions with possibility to comment",51,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",19,"9-point scale (1=totally disagree, 9=totally agree, 1=not important, 9=abolutely important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[150,"Lemmen et al. 2021","Systems medicine 2030: A Delphi study on implementation in the German healthcare system","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},"purposive sampling",33,31,"Heterogeneous ","national (Germany)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",204,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",31,"4-point scale (1=Strongly agree, 4=Strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached\nStability of judgements",2]
[151,"Levack et al. 2018","Development of an English-language version of a Japanese iPad application to facilitate collaborative goal setting in rehabilitation: A Delphi study and field test","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling ",14,12,"Homogeneous","international","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",97,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",22,"unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",4]
[152,"Li et al. 2020","Development of Chinese mental health first aid guidelines for psychosis: A Delphi expert consensus study","medical education","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"unclear or not reported",72,49,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (China)","Questionnaire Star","Closed questions with possibility to comment",200,"Closed questions",9,"5-point scale (1=very important, 5=very unimportant)","reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[153,"Lim et al. 2019","Oxygen in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease: An international Delphi survey","clinical patient care","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling",43,42,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",32,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",16,"5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)\n2-point scale (Yes, No)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[154,"Lim et al. 2020","Development and Reliability of an Appropriateness and Prioritization Instrument for Eye Care Practice: A Modified Delphi Process","clinical patient care","modified","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling",13,"unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous ","national (Canada)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment",33,"5-point scale (1=least important, 5=most important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached\nNumber of rounds",3]
[155,"Limakatso & Parker 2021","Treatment Recommendations for Phantom Limb Pain in People with Amputations: An Expert Consensus Delphi Study","clinical patient care ","classic","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},"snowball sampling\npurposive sampling",27,20,"Heterogeneous ","international ","Google Forms","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions",37,"5-point scale (1=Strongly agree,  5=Strongly disagree)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[156,"Lisi et al. 2018","Chiropractic Integrated Care Pathway for Low Back Pain in Veterans: Results of a Delphi Consensus Process","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling",58,56,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",46,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",5,"9-point scale (1=highly appropriate, 9=highly appropriate)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[157,"Llorens-Vernet & Miró 2020","The mobile app development and assessment guide (MAG): Delphi-Based validity study","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling \nopen calls",42,24,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","LimeSurvey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",56,"Closed questions",92,"10-point scale (1=not important at all, 10=extremely important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Stability of judgements",2]
[158,"Logeman et al. 2020","Developing Consensus-Based Outcome Domains for Trials in Children and Adolescents With CKD: An International Delphi Survey","Methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling \nopen calls",557,312,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",27,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",20,"9-point scale (1=limited important, 9=critical importance, 1=not important, 9=very important)","reported ","reported","a posteriori","Thematic analysis","group response or summary of different groups of participants\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[159,"Lonchampt et al. 2020","TOP-ID: A Delphi technique-guided development of a prescription and deprescription tool for adults with intellectual disabilities","clinical patient care","classic","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.65,"d":"65%"},"purposive sampling",18,18,"Heterogeneous ","international ","RedCap","Closed questions with possibility to comment",81,"Closed questions",13,"2-point scale (Yes, No)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[160,"Lu et al. 2020","Cultural adaptation of the mental health first aid guidelines for assisting a person at risk of suicide to China: A Delphi expert consensus study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",67,32,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Italy)","Questionnaire Star","Closed questions with possibility to comment",175,"Closed questions",6,"5-point scale (Essential, Least important)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[161,"MacKway-Jones & Mackway-Jones 2020","An Expert Delphi study to derive a tool for mental health triage in emergency departments","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"unclear or not reported",28,23,"Heterogeneous ","international ","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions",6,"Closed questions",141,"7-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[162,"Magnusson et al. 2020","Population Health, Prevention, Health Promotion, and Wellness Competencies in Physical Therapist Professional Education: Results of a Modified Delphi Study","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling\nopen calls",37,29,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",34,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",6,"5-point scale (1=extremely relevant, 5=not at all relevant, 1=extremely clear, 5=extremely unclear)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","Consensus reached",3]
[163,"Maguire et al. 2020","Benchmarking to reduce restrictive practices in forensic mental health services: a Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Other","not applicable","purposive sampling ","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous ","local (Australia, New Zealand)","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",3]
[164,"Manera et al. 2019","An international Delphi survey helped develop consensus-based core outcome domains for trials in peritoneal dialysis","Methodological health research","classic","percentage agreement (other conditions)\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.85,"d":"85%"},"open calls\n",873,530,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",39,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",16,"9-point scale \n(1=limited importance, 9=critical importance)","reported ","reported","a posteriori","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary\ngroup response or summary of different groups of participants\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[165,"Mao et al. 2020","Developing a tool for measuring the disaster resilience of healthcare rescuers: A modified Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)\nstandardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",22,21,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",66,"unclear or not reported",36,"4-point scale (1=not relevant, 4=highly relevant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[166,"Mariottiet et al. 2019","Towards a New Profession: Counselor Professional Identity in Italy. A Delphi Study","medical education","classic","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion ","not applicable","purposive sampling",57,45,"Homogeneous ","national (Italy)","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",131,"6-point scale (strongly disagree, strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis ","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[167,"Markoulakis et al. 2019","Identifying the key features and outcomes of family navigation services for mental health and/or addictions concerns: A Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",41,21,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Canada)","SurveyMonkey","Open-ended questions",9,"Closed questions",88,"7-point scale (extremely Unimportant, extremely Important)","unclear or not reported","reported","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[168,"Marten et al. 2019","A DELPHI study on aspects of study design to overcome knowledge gaps on the burden of disease caused by serogroup B invasive meningococcal disease","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.67,"d":"67%"},"purposive sampling ","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",11,"Closed questions",8,"unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[169,"Martin & Manley 2018","Developing standards for an integrated approach to workplace facilitation for interprofessional teams in health and social care contexts: a Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of dispersion\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",32,26,"unclear or not reported","international","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","4-point scale (Essential, Not at all important, Essentially effective, Not at all effective)\n5-point scale (Essential, Not at all important,  Essentially effective, Not at all effective, Strongly agree, Strongly disagree)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a posteriori","Thematic analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[170,"McMaster et al. 2020","Development of consensus-based guidelines for outpatient dietetic treatment of eating disorders: A Delphi study","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"open calls",162,33,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Australia)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",98,"Closed questions",11,"5-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree, essential, should not be included)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Content analysis","group response or summary of different groups of participants","Number of rounds",3]
[171,"McNamara et al. 2021","Consensus of physician behaviours to target for early diagnosis of cerebral palsy: A Delphi study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",11,12,"Heterogeneous ","national (Australia)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",6,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","10-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[172,"Meher et al. 2019","Core outcome sets for prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage: an international Delphi consensus study","Methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling \nopen calls\nsnowball sampling","205\n197","152\n143","Heterogeneous ","international","DelphiManager","Closed questions with possibility to comment","31\n35","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","9-point scale (1=not important, 9=critically important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary of different groups of participants","unclear or not reported",2]
[173,"Mira et al. 2021","Proposals for person-centred care in the COVID-19 era. Delphi study","clinical patient care","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency","not applicable","purposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",76,60,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Spain)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",60,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",40,"11-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[174,"Moel-Mandel et al. 2019","Expert consensus on a nurse-led model of medication abortion provision in regional and rural Victoria, Australia: a Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)\nstandardized measure of dispersion",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",23,19,"Heterogeneous ","regional (Victoria, Australia)","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",7,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[175,"Mora Pinzon et al. 2021","Essential elements to \"design for dissemination\" within a research network-a modified Delphi study of the Community-Academic Aging Research Network (CAARN)","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"pool from a previous project or register\npurposive sampling",28,20,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",106,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",25,"5-point scale (not at all important, extremely important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Stability of judgements\nConsensus reached",3]
[176,"Morais et al. 2021","Designing a National Curriculum to Advance Surgical Oncology in Mozambique: A Delphi Consensus Study","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling ",15,12,"Heterogeneous ","national (Mozambique)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions",3,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","not applicable","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[177,"Mubarak et al. 2019","Consensus among healthcare stakeholders on a collaborative medication therapy management model for chronic diseases in Malaysia; A Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nDependency analyses  \nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.85,"d":"85%"},"snowball sampling\npurposive sampling ",29,29,"Heterogeneous ","national (Malaysia)","QuestionPro","Closed questions",132,"Closed questions",132,"5-point scale (strongly disagree, strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached\nStability of judgements",2]
[178,"Mulhall et al. 2020","Using a Delphi survey to gain an international consensus on the challenges of conducting trials with adults with intellectual disabilities","Methodological health research","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling",22,20,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions",23,"5-point scale (1=unimportant, 5=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Stability of judgements\nConsensus reached",3]
[179,"Murphie et al. 2018","Defining the core components of a clinical review of people using continuous positive airway pressure therapy to treat obstructive sleep apnea: An international e-delphi study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",44,40,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (1=unimportant, 5=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached\nNumber of rounds",3]
[180,"Murphy et al. 2019","The development of Nursing Quality Care Process Metrics and Indicators for use in Older Persons Care Settings: A Delphi-Consensus Study","clinical patient care","modified ","percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"Purposive sampling",217,181,"Heterogeneous ","national (Ireland)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",33,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","90 \n","9-point scale (1=not important, 9=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",4]
[181,"Murphy et al. 2020","Unlocking the potential for digital mental health technologies in the UK: A Delphi exercise","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling ",16,15,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (UK)","MySurveyLab","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions",26,"10-point scale (1=not important, 10=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[182,"Musabyemungu et al. 2019","What topics should we teach the parents of admitted neonates in the newborn care unit in the resource-limited setting - a Delphi study","medical education","classic ","percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"convenience sampling\npurposive sampling ",10,40,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","Google Forms","Open-ended questions",2,"Closed questions",57,"9-point scale (1=not important, 9=important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[183,"Nasa et al. 2021","Expert consensus statements for the management of COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure using a Delphi method","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nPercentage agreement (one scale point)","70%\n80%","purposive sampling ",39,37,"unclear or not reported","international","Google Forms","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions",9,"7-point scale (7=agreemnet, 1=disagreement) ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Stability of judgements\nConsensus reached",5]
[184,"Neyro et al. 2018","Clinical trials in neonates: How to optimise informed consent and decision making? A European Delphi survey of parent representatives and clinicians","Methodological health research","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency\nPercentage agreement (adjacent scale points)","65%\n75%","purposive sampling ",32,"unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions",96,"Closed questions",63,"9-point scale (1=not important, 9=extremely important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[185,"Noel et al. 2018","Which indicators to include in a crowding scale in an emergency department? A national French Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of dispersion",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",41,37,"Heterogeneous ","national (France)","Google Forms","Closed questions with possibility to comment",54,"Closed questions",45,"10-point scale (1=very low validity, 10=excellent validity)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Other","group response or summary","Stability of judgements",2]
[186,"Nouwens et al. 2020","Differentiating care for persons with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning: A Delphi study on the opinions of primary and professional caregivers and scientists","clinical patient care","classic","percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling\nopen calls ",30,44,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","local (Dutch-speaking)","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",2,"Closed questions",67,"5-point scale (1=completely disagree, 5=completely agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Inductive approach","group response or summary of different groups of participants","unclear or not reported",3]
[187,"Nuno et al. 2020","Validation of the ICF Core Sets for schizophrenia from the perspective of psychiatrists: An international Delphi study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling\npurposive quota/random sampling ",352,303,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",6,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","2-point scale (yes, no)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Other","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[188,"O’Donnell et al. 2020","Establishing consensus on key public health indicators for the monitoring and evaluating childhood obesity interventions: a Delphi panel study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",16,8,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",4,"Closed questions",87,"5-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[189,"O’Donnell et al. 2021","The development and validation of the Person-centred Practice Inventory-Student instrument: A modified Delphi study","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"unclear or not reported",382,144,"Homogeneous","national (UK)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",57,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",3,"5-point scale (strongly disagree, strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",2]
[190,"Oyake et al. 2020","Motivational Strategies for Stroke Rehabilitation: A Delphi Study","clinical patient care","classic","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling \npool from a previous project or register",160,116,"Heterogeneous ","national (Japan)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions",25,"Closed questions",26,"5-point scale (1=very ineffective, 5=very effective, 1=not at all important, 5=very important)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[191,"Paek et al. 2018","Development of screening tool for child abuse in the Korean emergency department Using modified Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nPercentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"unclear or not reported",15,"unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous ","national (Korea)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",12,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",12,"9-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 9=strongly agree)\n2-point scale (agree, disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[192,"Pavlova et al. 2021","Measuring physical literacy in Ukraine: development of a set of indicators by Delphi method","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","national (Ukraine)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions",45,"Closed questions",45,"5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[193,"Paz-Pascual et al. 2019","Consensus on priorities in maternal education: Results of delphi and nominal group technique approaches","medical education","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"convenience sampling",79,54,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","local (Basque Country)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","9-point scale (1=unimportant, 9=important)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[194,"Perrin et al. 2018","Systematic review to identify proxy indicators to quantify the impact of eHealth tools on maternal and neonatal health outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries including Delphi consensus","healthcare/public health ","modified","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","unclear or not reported",13,13,"unclear or not reported","international","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","not applicable","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[195,"Perrone-Filardi et al. 2021","The value of the polypill in cardiovascular disease: an Italian multidisciplinary Delphi panel consensus","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",11,11,"Heterogeneous ","national (Italy)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",22,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",13,"5-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[196,"Pohl et al. 2020","Consensus-Based Core Set of Outcome Measures for Clinical Motor Rehabilitation After Stroke—A Delphi Study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",33,27,"Heterogeneous ","international","REDCap ","Closed questions",119,"Closed questions",9,"7-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[197,"Porter et al. 2020","Using the Delphi process to identify priorities for Dietetic research in Australia 2020-2030","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling",50,35,"Heterogeneous ","national (Australia)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",26,"Closed questions",15,"7-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[198,"Prak & Wivatvanit 2018","The development of neonatal nursing standards of practice for Cambodia: A Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",20,19,"Heterogeneous ","national (Cambodia)","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions",206,"5-point scale (5=very important, 1=unimportant)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[199,"Ravensbergen et al. 2019","Combined impact of future trends on healthcare utilisation of older people: A Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.63,"d":"63%"},"purposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",20,16,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Netherlands)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",20,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",20,"7-point scale (1=very great decrease, 7=very\ngreat increase) ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[200,"Retzer et al. 2020","Development of a core outcome set for use in community-based bipolar trials—A qualitative study and modified Delphi","Methodological health research","modified","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"open calls \nsnowball sampling\npurposive sampling ",50,38,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (UK)","Delphi Manager","Closed questions with possibility to comment",66,"Closed questions",79,"9-point scale (9=important, 1=unimportant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[201,"Righolt et al. 2020","Dutch oral health care quality measures: a modified Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified","standardized measure of dispersion\nstandardized measure of central tendency","not applicable","purposive sampling ",11,11,"Heterogeneous ","national (Spain)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions",28,"Closed questions",5,"9-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",4]
[202,"Robles et al. 2020","Evaluation criteria for weight management apps: Validation using a modified delphi process","healthcare/public health ","modified","standardized measure of dispersion\nstandardized measure of central tendency\nPercentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"snowball sampling",26,28,"Heterogeneous ","national (Netherlands)","Google Forms","Closed questions with possibility to comment",114,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",9,"6-point scale (0=I suggest this criterion is\nexcluded, 5=This criterion is extremely relevant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[203,"Romero et al. 2020","Establishing consensus on the perioperative management of cholecystectomy in public hospitals: a Delphi study with an expert panel in Mexico","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)","40%\n50%\n60%\n70%","purposive sampling ",23,23,"Heterogeneous ","national (Mexico)","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",34,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",29,"unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Stability of judgements",2]
[204,"Rosowsky et al. 2018","A cross-validation Delphi method approach to the diagnosis and treatment of personality disorders in older adults","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.67,"d":"67%"},"purposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",20,17,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","RedCap","Closed questions with possibility to comment",18,"unclear or not reported",1,"5-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree)","reported","not reported or not applicable","a posteriori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[205,"Rossi et al. 2020","Essential Research Priorities in Renal Cancer: A Modified Delphi Consensus Statement","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",46,58,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",39,"Closed questions",11,"9-point scale (1=not important, 9=critical)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[206,"Rosvik et al. 2020","Development of best practice recommendations to enhance access to and use of formal community care services for people with dementia in Europe: a Delphi process conducted by the Actifcare project","healthcare/public health ","modified","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion\nPercentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ","unclear or not reported",71,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international ","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",72,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",44,"7-point scale (1=not important at all, 7=extremely important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",3]
[207,"Rowe et al. 2019","Development of core outcome sets for vision screening and assessment in stroke: A Delphi and consensus study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"open calls \nsnowball sampling",117,51,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","local (UK, Ireland)","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",46,"Closed questions",52,"9-point scale (1=not important, 9=critical)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary of different groups of participants\ngroup response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",3]
[208,"Ryan et al. 2021","Therapeutic relationships in child and adolescent mental health services: A Delphi study with young people, carers and clinicians","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"convenience sampling","unclear or not reported",75,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported",160,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",52,"5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[209,"Sadi al. 2019","Posterior shoulder instability classification, assessment and management: an international Delphi study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"snowball sampling\npurposive sampling ",57,47,"Heterogeneous ","international","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",50,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",9,"4-point scale \n2-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[210,"Saini et al. 2020","Identifying Suicide and Self-Harm Research Priorities in North West England: A Delphi Study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"open calls \npool from a previous project or register\npurposive sampling ",44,12,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","regional (North-West England)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",51,"Closed questions",37,"not applicable","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",3]
[211,"Salway et al. 2019","How should health policy and practice respond to the increased genetic risk associated with close relative marriage? results of a UK Delphi consensus building exercise","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"open calls \npurposive sampling ",38,29,"Heterogeneous ","national (UK)","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions",13,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",202,"7-point scale (1=very strongly disagree, 7=very strongly agree)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[212,"Salzwedel et al. 2018","Quality Performance Measures in Cardiac Rehabilitation: Results of a Delphi Survey of Members of the German Society for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Cardiovascular Diseases (DGPR) [Indikatoren der Ergebnisqualität kardiologischer Rehabilitation: Ergebnisse einer Delphi-Befragung von Mitgliedern der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Prävention und Rehabilitation von Herz-und Kreislauferkrankungen e. V. (DGPR) 1]","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",62,67,"Heterogeneous ","national (Germany)","unipark","Closed questions with possibility to comment",14,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (1=sehr wichtig, 5=gar nicht wichtig)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",4]
[213,"Santaguida et al. 2020","Delphi consensus on core criteria set selecting among health-related outcome measures (HROM) in primary health care","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",45,36,"Heterogeneous ","national (Canada)","Limesurvey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",35,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",21,"2-point sclae (Yes, No)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Stability of judgements",3]
[214,"Saunders et al. 2019","Endorsement and Validation of the Essential Evidence-Based Practice Competencies for Practicing Nurses in Finland: An Argument Delphi Study","medical education ","modified","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","snowball sampling",14,14,"Heterogeneous ","national (Finland)","eDelphi","Closed questions with possibility to comment",24,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",2,"5-point scale (1=not at all, 5=very much essential)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",2]
[215,"Schaap et al. 2019","Defining definitions: a Delphi study to develop a core outcome set for conditions of severe maternal morbidity","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"snowball sampling","unclear or not reported",36,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (-2=strongly disagree, 2=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",7]
[216,"Schapira et al. 2020","Seeking Consensus on the Terminology of Value-Based Transformation through use of a Delphi Process","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"unclear or not reported",18,18,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","REDCap ","Closed questions with possibility to comment",17,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",13,"9-point scale (1=Not at all, 9=Extremely well, 1=Not at all, 9=Extremely essential)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[217,"Scheydt et al. 2019","Tasks and Activities of Nurses in Inpatient General Psychiatry - Results of a Delphi-Study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion ",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling \npurposive quota/random sampling ",235,193,"Heterogeneous ","national (Germany)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",81,"Closed questions",25,"5-point scale (1=stimme gar nicht zu, 5=stimme voll zu)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[218,"Schmit et al. 2020","Communicating with patients about software for enhancing privacy in secondary database research involving record linkage: Delphi study","Methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.9,"d":"90%"},"purposive sampling ",38,33,"Homogeneous (only patients)","national (US)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",50,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",6,"5-point scale (1=strongly agree, 5=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[219,"Schults et al. 2020","International recommendations for a vascular access minimum dataset: A Delphi consensus-building study","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling \nopen calls",64,14,"Heterogeneous ","international","REDCap ","Closed questions with possibility to comment",52,"unclear or not reported",55,"9-point scale (9=critical importance, 1=limited importance)\n3-point scale (not feasible, feasible)\n4-point scale (not acceptable, acceptable)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[220,"Sebelski et al. 2020","Leadership Competencies for Physical Therapists: A Delphi Determination","medical education","classic ","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling ",14,10,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",76,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","3-point scale (very important, not important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Stability of judgements",2]
[221,"Seidler et al. 2019","Men, masculinities, depression: Implications for mental health services from a Delphi expert consensus study","medical education","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",53,43,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",30,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",14,"5-point scale (1=should not be included, 5=essential)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Content analysis","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[222,"Shawahna 2019","Development of key performance indicators to capture in measuring the impact of pharmacists in caring for patients with epilepsy in primary healthcare: A Delphi consensual study","clinical patient care","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling ",40,40,"Heterogeneous ","national (Palestine)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment",12,"3-point scale (1=disagree, 3=agree)\n9-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 9=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Stability of judgements",3]
[223,"Shawahna 2020","Development of Key Performance Indicators for Capturing Impact of Pharmaceutical Care in Palestinian Integrative Healthcare Facilities: A Delphi Consensus Study","clinical patient care","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling ",50,50,"Heterogeneous ","national (Palestine)","Google Forms","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment",11,"3-point scale (1=disagree, 3=agree)\n9-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 9=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Stability of judgements",3]
[224,"Shawahna et al. 2018","Which Benefits and Harms of Using Fenugreek as a Galactogogue Need to Be Discussed during Clinical Consultations? A Delphi Study among Breastfeeding Women, Gynecologists, Pediatricians, Family Physicians, Lactation Consultants, and Pharmacists","clinical patient care","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",121,88,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Palestine)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",40,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","20\n5","9-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 9=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Stability of judgements",2]
[225,"Shawahna et al. 2019","What Do Primary Healthcare Providers and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Practitioners in Palestine Need to Know about Exercise for Cancer Patients and Survivors: A Consensual Study Using the Delphi Technique","medical education","modified","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling ",65,58,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",52,"Closed questions",20,"2-point scale (Yes, No)\n9-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 9=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",2]
[226,"Shearsmith et al. 2020","Delphi survey to inform patient-reported symptom monitoring after ovarian cancer treatment","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",30,19,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (UK)","https://www.onlinesurveys.ac.uk","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","7-point scale (1=not at all, 7=very much)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[227,"Shoesmith et al. 2020","Creation of consensus recommendations for collaborative practice in the Malaysian psychiatric system: A modified Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified","standardized measure of dispersion\nPercentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},"snowball sampling",18,14,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Malaysia)","Google Forms","Closed questions with possibility to comment",49,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",2,"5-point scale","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Inductive approach","group response or summary","Consensus reached",3]
[228,"Shorter et al. 2019","Prioritization of outcomes in efficacy and effectiveness of alcohol brief intervention trials: International multi-stakeholder e-delphi consensus study to inform a core outcome set","Methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"snowball sampling",137,114,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","DelphiManager","Closed questions with possibility to comment",86,"Closed questions",93,"9-point scale (1=not important for inclusion, 9=critical for inclusion)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[229,"Silva et al. 2018","Developing a tool to assess responsibility in health innovation: Results from an international delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of dispersion",{"v":0.51,"d":"51%"},"purposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",35,19,"Heterogeneous ","international","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",37,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",20,"5-point scale (1=very difficult, 5=very easy, 1=least important, 5=most important, 1=major rewriting, 5=no revisions required, 1=completely disagree, 5=completely agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[230,"Sim et al. 2018","Measuring the outcomes of nursing practice: A Delphi study","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling \nopen calls",13,169,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Australia)","SurveyMonkey","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions",103,"5-point scale (1=very important, 5=totally unimportant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds",4]
[231,"Smythe et al. 2018","Indicators to assess the functionality of clubfoot clinics in low-resource settings: A Delphi consensus approach and pilot study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion ","not applicable","pool from a previous project or register",17,16,"Heterogeneous ","local (Africa)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions",28,"Closed questions",17,"10-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","not applicable","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",4]
[232,"Sokol-Hessner et al. 2018","A Road Map for Advancing the Practice of Respect in Health Care: The Results of an Interdisciplinary Modified Delphi Consensus Study","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)","50%\n75%","pool from a previous project or register",20,14,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","REDCap ","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached\nOther",5]
[233,"Sole et al. 2019","Developing a framework for teaching clinical reasoning skills to undergraduate physiotherapy students: A delphi study","medical education","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"snowball sampling",11,18,"Heterogeneous ","regional (Otago, New Zealand)","SurveyMonkey","Open-ended questions",4,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",79,"5-point scale (5=strongly disagree, 1=strongly agree)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[234,"Spinks et al. 2019","Adaptation of potentially preventable medication-related hospitalisation indicators for indigenous populations in Australia using a modified Delphi technique","clinical patient care","modified ","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",13,3,"Heterogeneous ","national (Australia)","LimeSurvey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",101,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","3-point scale \n((i) accept indicator unchanged, (iii) specify alternative)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[235,"Stang et al. 2018","Diagnostic interpretation guidance for pediatric enteric pathogens: A modified delphi consensus process","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.67,"d":"67%"},"purposive sampling ",14,12,"Heterogeneous ","local (North America)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",19,"Closed questions",19,"5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",2]
[236,"Stennett et al. 2018","Physical activity and exercise priorities in community dwelling people with multiple sclerosis: a Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency\nDependency analyses","not applicable","purposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",101,75,"Homogeneous (only patients)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions",10,"2-point scale","unclear or not reported","reported","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds",4]
[237,"Stoner et al. 2019","Social contributors to cardiometabolic diseases in indigenous populations: an international Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Other","not applicable","purposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",40,35,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","not applicable","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[238,"Straat et al. 2020","Development of a personalized m/ehealth algorithm for the resumption of activities of daily life including work and sport after total and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: A multidisciplinary Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)","67%\n75%","purposive sampling ",15,9,"Heterogeneous ","national (Netherland)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","4-point scale (0=normal, 3=very limited)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary","Consensus reached",4]
[239,"Strudwick et al. 2019","Adapting and validating informatics competencies for senior nurse leaders in the Canadian context: Results of a Delphi study","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",25,23,"Heterogeneous ","national (Canada)","REDCap ","Open-ended questions",26,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",24,"7-point scale (1=low priority, 7=high priority)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",3]
[240,"Sudore et al. 2018","Outcomes That Define Successful Advance Care Planning: A Delphi Panel Consensus","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","pool from a previous project or register",52,44,"Heterogeneous ","international","REDCap ","Closed questions with possibility to comment",108,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",78,"7-point scale (1=not at all important, 7=extremely important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",5]
[241,"Sutherland et al. 2020","Envisioning the future of clinical analytics: A modified Delphi process in New South Wales, Australia","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"pool from a previous project or register",35,15,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","regional (New South Wales, Australia)","Sli.do","Closed questions with possibility to comment",23,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",13,"3-point scale (I accept this statement as formulated, I do not accept this statement, I propose a modification to the statement – change it to...)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[242,"Swart et al. 2019","Determination of multiple sclerosis indicators for value-based contracting using the Delphi method","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"convenience sampling\npool from a previous project or register",28,26,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","regional (southwestern Pennsylvania)","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",24,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",18,"5-point scale (1=Not at all feasible, 5=Very feasible, 1=not important, 5=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",2]
[243,"Taghizadeh et al. 2019","Maternity care priorities for prevention of psychological birth trauma in Iran: A delphi consensus study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling ",13,9,"Heterogeneous ","national (Iran)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",38,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","5-point scale\n3-point scale","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[244,"Tehan et al. 2019","Important features of retail shoes for women with rheumatoid arthritis: A Delphi consensus survey","clinical patient care","classic ","Other","not applicable","purposive sampling ",39,30,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",1,"Closed questions",20,"9-point scale (1=not at all important, 9=absolutely essential)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached\nStability of judgements",3]
[245,"Tejwani et al. 2021","A multi-stakeholder Delphi consensus core outcome set for clinical trials in moderate-to-severe asthma (coreASTHMA)","Methodological health research","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",43,44,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions",88,"Closed questions",26,"9-point scale (1=The outcome should not be included in the core outcome set, 9=The outcome is critical to include in the core outcome set)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[246,"Teoh et al. 2021","An International Collaborative Consensus Statement on En Bloc Resection of Bladder Tumour Incorporating Two Systematic Reviews, a Two-round Delphi Survey, and a Consensus Meeting","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling \nopen calls",139,123,"Heterogeneous ","international","DelphiManager","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","9-point scale (1=Strongly disagree, 9=Strongly agree)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[247,"Thompson et al. 2018","Patients’ and clinicians’ views of the psychological components of tinnitus treatment that could inform audiologists’ usual care: A delphi survey","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling ",40,39,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (UK)","Bristol Online\nSurvey","Open-ended questions",1,"Closed questions",160,"7-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis","group response or summary of different groups of participants\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[248,"Thorlacius et al. 2018","A core domain set for hidradenitis suppurativa trial outcomes: an international Delphi process","Methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",93,78,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","DelphiManager\nSurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","9-point scale (1=not important, 9=critical)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary of different groups of participants\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",5]
[249,"Thorn et al. 2018","Core Items for a Standardized Resource Use Measure: Expert Delphi Consensus Survey","healthcare/public health ","classic","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.4,"d":"40%"},"open calls\npurposive sampling",41,23,"Heterogeneous ","national (UK)","REDCap","Closed questions with possibility to comment",60,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",34,"9-point scale (1=not important, 9=very\nimportant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[250,"Thorn et al. 2020","Content of Health Economics Analysis Plans (HEAPs) for Trial-Based Economic Evaluations: Expert Delphi Consensus Survey","Methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling \nopen calls",62,48,"Heterogeneous ","international","REDCap ","Closed questions with possibility to comment",72,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",72,"9-point scale (1=low importance, 9=high importance)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",2]
[251,"Tognetto et al. 2019","Core competencies in genetics for healthcare professionals: Results from a literature review and a Delphi method","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"open calls",23,12,"Heterogeneous ","national (Italy)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",33,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","3-point scale (important, not important)\n2-point scale (yes, no)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",3]
[252,"Toma et al. 2019","A balanced approach to identifying, prioritising and evaluating all potential consequences of quality improvement: Modified Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling ",72,60,"Heterogeneous ","international","Bristol Online\nSurveys","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (not at all important, extremely important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Thematic analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[253,"Topperzer et al. 2020","Establishment of consensus on content and learning objectives for an interprofessional education in childhood cancer: A Delphi survey","medical education","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency","not applicable","snowball sampling ",28,22,"Heterogeneous ","local (Scandinavia)","REDCap ","Open-ended questions",17,"Closed questions",168,"5-point scale (1=not relevant, 5=extremely relevant)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary","Number of rounds",3]
[254,"Torrent-Farnell et al. 2018","The view of experts on initiatives to be undertaken to promote equity in the access to orphan drugs and specialised care for rare diseases in Spain: A Delphi consensus","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling\nsnowball sampling ",82,78,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Spain)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",56,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (1=in total disagreement, 5=in total agreement)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[255,"Trappey et al. 2019","Development of transfusion guidelines for injured children using a Modified Delphi Consensus Process","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"snowball sampling ",35,35,"Heterogeneous ","national (USA)","SurveyMonkey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",176,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",4,"5-point scale (1=Strongly agree, 5=This intervention may be harmful)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary of different groups of participants","Number of rounds",4]
[256,"Tsay et al. 2021","Develop and validate family nurse practitioner transition program in Taiwan by using modified Delphi method","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (unclear)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"unclear or not reported",13,13,"Heterogeneous ","national (Taiwan)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","4-point scale (1=poor, 4=strong)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[257,"Tyler et al. 2020","Developing a core outcome set for interventions to improve discharge from mental health inpatient services: A survey, Delphi and consensus meeting with key stakeholder groups","Methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling \nopen calls\nsnowball sampling ",69,68,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",82,"Closed questions",50,"7-point scale (7=strongly agree, 1=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",2]
[258,"Valerino-Perea et al. 2020","Development of an index to assess adherence to the traditional Mexican diet using a modified Delphi method","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)\nstandardized measure of central tendency\nstandardized measure of dispersion","75%\n67%","purposive sampling ",22,17,"Heterogeneous ","national (Mexico)","Bristol Online\nSurveys","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (totally disagree, totally agree)\n2-point scale (yes, no)\n3-point scale (disagree, agree)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[259,"van Balen et al. 2019","What is geriatric rehabilitation and how should it be organized? A Delphi study aimed at reaching European consensus","clinical patient care","modified","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling ",33,33,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",68,"unclear or not reported",16,"5-point scale (5=full agreement , 1=full disagreement)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[260,"van den Driessen Mareeuw et al. 2020","Capturing the complexity of healthcare for people with down syndrome in quality indicators - A Delphi study involving healthcare professionals and patient organisations","clinical patient care","classic ","standardized measure of central tendency\nPercentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"snowball sampling \npurposive sampling ",33,26,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Netherlands)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",35,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",21,"5-point scale (1=very important, 5=not important at all, 1=totally agree, 5=totally disagree)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds",4]
[261,"van Lier et al. 2018","Consensus-based cross-European recommendations for the identification, measurement and valuation of costs in health economic evaluations: a European Delphi study","methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.67,"d":"67%"},"purposive sampling ",19,16,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","2-point scale","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[262,"van Rijssen et al. 2019","Core Set of Patient-reported Outcomes in Pancreatic Cancer (COPRAC): An International Delphi Study among Patients and Health Care Providers","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling ",501,420,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",56,"Closed questions",57,"9-point scale (1=not important , 9=very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary of different groups of participants\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[263,"van Schalkwyk et al. 2020","Identifying research priorities for health professions education research in sub-Saharan Africa using a modified Delphi method","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",90,52,"Heterogeneous ","regional (sub-Saharan Africa)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",26,"Closed questions",14,"3-point scale (do not include, must be included)","reported ","reported","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[264,"Verburg et al. 2019","Development of a standard set of outcome measures for non-specific low back pain in Dutch primary care physiotherapy practices: a Delphi study","clinical patient care","modified","standardized measure of central tendency","not applicable","purposive sampling ",32,29,"Heterogeneous ","national (Netherlands)","LimeSurvey","Closed questions",13,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","9-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[265,"Verhestraeten et al. 2020","Diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of heart failure patients by general practitioners: A Delphi consensus statement","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.6,"d":"60%"},"purposive sampling ",20,20,"Heterogeneous ","national (Belgium)","SurveyGizmo","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","11-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[266,"Vicenzino et al. 2020","ICON 2019-International Scientific Tendinopathy Symposium Consensus: There are nine core health-related domains for tendinopathy (CORE DOMAINS): Delphi study of healthcare professionals and patients","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",59,17,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",41,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",22,"3-point scale (agree (yes), disagree (no))","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",2]
[267,"Viljoen et al. 2020","Determining electrocardiography training priorities for medical students using a modified Delphi method","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"snowball sampling \npurposive sampling ",131,101,"Heterogeneous ","national (South Africa)","REDCap","Closed questions with possibility to comment",53,"Closed questions",54,"5-point scale (strongly disagree, strongly agree)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","Content analysis","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[268,"Virgara et al. 2021","Development of Australian physical activity and screen time guidelines for outside school hours care: an international Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling ",67,36,"Heterogeneous ","international","LimeSurvey","Open-ended questions",11,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",13,"9-point scale (1=not important , 9=critically important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",4]
[269,"Vogel et al. 2019","A Delphi study to build consensus on the definition and use of big data in obesity research","methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",36,26,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",77,"Closed questions",85,"4-point scale (strongly agree, strongly disagree)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[270,"Vries et al. 2021","Effects of the reform of the Dutch healthcare into managed competition: Results of a Delphi study among experts","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","snowball sampling \npurposive sampling ",20,88,"Heterogeneous ","national (Netherlands)","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",3,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","7-point scale (1=fully disagree, 7=fully agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary of different groups of participants","unclear or not reported",3]
[271,"Watson et al. 2019","Defining pharmacists’ roles in disasters: A Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"snowball sampling \npurposive sampling ",15,15,"Heterogeneous ","international","KeySurvey","Closed questions with possibility to comment",45,"Closed questions","unclear or not reported","4-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 4=strongly agree)\n5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached\nStability of judgements",3]
[272,"Weir et al. 2018","Criteria required for an acceptable point-of-care test for UTI detection: Obtaining consensus using the Delphi technique","clinical patient care","classic ","standardized measure of dispersion\nstandardized measure of central tendency","not applicable","purposive sampling ",17,15,"Heterogeneous ","international","SurveyGizmo","Closed questions with possibility to comment",33,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",10,"5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",2]
[273,"Whitaker et al. 2020","Assessing barriers to quality trauma care in low and middle-income countries: A Delphi study","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",37,27,"Heterogeneous ","international","REDCap","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment",20,"5-point scale (2=strongly agree, -2=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[274,"Whitham et al. 2018","Development of a standardised set of metrics for monitoring site performance in multicentre randomised trials: A Delphi study","methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (other conditions)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"snowball sampling",277,211,"Heterogeneous ","national (UK)","Delphi Manager","Closed questions with possibility to comment",28,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",34,"9-point scale (1=not important , 9=critically important)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Number of rounds",3]
[275,"Willems et al. 2019","Exploration of suitable behaviour change techniques for lifestyle change in individuals with mild intellectual disabilities: A Delphi study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.67,"d":"67%"},"snowball sampling\nopen calls",81,112,"Heterogeneous ","national (Netherlands)","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",40,"Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","2-point scale (yes, no)","unclear or not reported","reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Number of rounds\nConsensus reached",2]
[276,"Williams et al. 2018","A Delphi study to develop indicators of cancer patient experience for quality improvement","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",149,112,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Australia)","REDCap","Closed questions with possibility to comment",105,"Closed questions",71,"7-point scale (1=High importance, 7=Low importance)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[277,"Wilpers et al. 2021","Modified Delphi Study on Nursing Practice and Science in Fetal Care","clinical patient care","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",48,34,"Heterogeneous ","national (US)","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions",12,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",57,"7-point scale (1=not important at all, 7=extremely important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Content analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached\nStability of judgements",3]
[278,"Wong et al. 2020","Development of Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Clinical Service Recommendations for Cancer Palliative Care Using Delphi Approach Based on the Evidence to Decision Framework","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",12,12,"Heterogeneous ","local (Hong Kong)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",7,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",4,"4-point scale (strongly disagree, strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[279,"Woodcock et al. 2020","A modified Delphi study to identify the features of high quality measurement plans for healthcare improvement projects","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (one scale point)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"snowball sampling",19,19,"Heterogeneous ","international","Qualtrics","Closed questions with possibility to comment",104,"unclear or not reported",58,"3-point scale (keep, remove, modify)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]
[280,"Wu et al. 2020","Identification of the risks in CAR T-cell therapy clinical trials in China: a Delphi study","methodological health research","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling ",20,20,"Heterogeneous ","national (China)","Qualtrics","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment",15,"5-point scale (5=strongly agree, 1=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[281,"Xiao et al. 2019","Consensus development of components of continuity of care for stroke patients: a Delphi methodology","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",15,13,"Heterogeneous ","national (China)","not reported or not applicable","Open-ended questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions with possibility to comment",8,"5-point scale (1=strongly agree, 5=strongly disagree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached\nStability of judgements",3]
[282,"Yu et al. 2020","Developing an assessment scale for long-term care reablement literacy in home care workers in Taiwan using a modified Delphi method","healthcare/public health ","modified","standardized measure of dispersion\nstandardized measure of central tendency","not applicable","snowball sampling",10,9,"Heterogeneous ","national (Taiwan)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","5-point scale ","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","unclear or not reported",3]
[283,"Yücel et al. 2019","A transdiagnostic dimensional approach towards a neuropsychological assessment for addiction: an international Delphi consensus study","clinical patient care","classic ","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"purposive sampling ",37,36,"Heterogeneous ","international","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",39,"Closed questions with possibility to comment",10,"5-point scale (1=unimportant, 5=essential)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","Thematic analysis","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached\nStability of judgements",3]
[284,"Zarei et al. 2019","The scarce drugs allocation indicators in iran: A fuzzy delphi method based consensus","healthcare/public health ","modified","Other","not applicable","purposive sampling ","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","Heterogeneous ","national (Iran)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","Closed questions","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (very unimportant, very important)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","not applicable","group response or summary\nindividual response","Consensus reached",3]
[285,"Zelmer et al. 2018","An assessment framework for e-mental health apps in canada: Results of a modified Delphi process","healthcare/public health ","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},"purposive sampling ",25,19,"Heterogeneous (incl. affected persons)","national (Canada)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","5-point scale (strongly disagree, strongly agree)\n4-point scale (poor, excellent)\n3-point scale (not necessary, essential)","reported ","not reported or not applicable","a priori","unclear or not reported","group response or summary","Consensus reached",2]
[286,"Zhang et al. 2020","Competency framework for specialist critical care nurses: A modified Delphi study","medical education","modified","Percentage agreement (adjacent scale points)",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"purposive sampling ",29,28,"Heterogeneous ","national (China)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",101,"unclear or not reported",10,"5-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",3]
[287,"Zinab et al. 2019","A Delphi study for exploring nutritional policy priorities to reduce prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Islamic Republic of Iran","healthcare/public health ","classic ","standardized measure of dispersion","not applicable","purposive sampling \nsnowball sampling",23,21,"Heterogeneous ","national (Iran)","not reported or not applicable","Closed questions with possibility to comment",21,"Closed questions",22,"5-point scale (1=very low, 5=very high)","unclear or not reported","not reported or not applicable","unclear or not reported","unclear or not reported","group response or summary\nindividual response","unclear or not reported",2]