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["Supplementary file 2- full extraction table of the included studies"]
["Author et al.","year of publication","country","age (choroidal metastases)","gender","involved uveal parts","primary sypmtoms","type of TC","presence of other systemic metastasis","interval from diagnosis","history of malignancy","history of Eye disease","ocular involvement(bilateral/unilateral:Left/Right)","retinal detachment","metastatic lesion location in eye","tumor thickness (mm)","tumor size (mm)","number of metastasis(single/multiple)","ophthalmoscopy","Shape in OCT image","shape in US","MRI findings","intraocular pressure (mmHg)","decreased visual acuity","pretreatment VA","post-treatment VA","therapies conducted after diagnosis(radiotherapy/chemotherapy/hormone therapy)","morphology (PATHO)"]
["I. Anteby ",1992,"Israel",55,"f","Choroidal","light flashes","papillary carcinoma","lungs, mediastinum","8 years","*","*","left","yes","inferior side of the optic disk","*",2.7,"single","choroidal amelanotic mass adjacent to and partly surrounding the inferior side of the optic disk","*","solid mass that was rimmed by a flat retinal detachment. The mass had medium - to-high reflectivity and vascularity","*","normal","no","20/40 right, 20/20 left","20/40 right, 20/20 left","radioiodine therapy","*"]
["Jerry A. Shields",2003,"United States",36,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA","medullary thyroid carcinoma (MEN 2b)","lungs, other organs","16 years","*","*","right","yes","superotemporal to the fovea",2.6,5,"single","yellow placoid choroidal mass","*","acoustically solid, had high internal reflectivity, had no demonstrable vascular pulsations","*","normal","yes","20/80","*","35 Gy external irradiation"]
["B. Guignier ",2011,"France",75,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","follicular thyroid carcinoma","lungs","7 years","*","*","left","yes","temporomacular",4,6,"single","choroidal mass, lanotic, temporomacular, associated with detachment retinal serous","a subretinal lesion in the form of a dome, surrounded by a serous retinal detachment (","a lesion at theposterior pole 6 mm in diameter by 4 mm thick, with choroidal excavation",null,"*","yes","3/10 left","*","*","*"]
["V. P. Papastefanou",2014,"United Kingdom",56,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA","follicular thyroid carcinoma","lungs, skin, bones (sternum, right femur, left iliac crest)","prior to diagnosis (as a first symptom)","*","sarcoidosis associated with recurrent uveitis","left","*","inferotemporally to the macula of the left eye",2.7,6.8,"single"," Pale orange lesion","*","demonstrated a dome-shaped lesion with\nhigh internal reflectivity","*",null,"yes","6/36 left ","finger counting","radioactive iodine","*"]
["Fountas",2017,"Greece",49,"f","Choroidal","blurred visual field","papillary carcinoma","lungs, mediastinum, bones (right femoral head)","3 years","*","*","right","yes (hemorrhagic)","posterior pole temporal to the macula of the right eye","*",7.5,"single","an orange-yellow choroidal mass with hemorrhagic retinal detachmen","*"," a solid mass, without any significant reduction of reflectivity in its interior"," T1 magnetic resonance weighted image after gadolinium enhancement showing a 7.6 × 6.5 mm mass at the temporal side of the right eye that causes a small detachment and bleeding of the retina","*","*","*","*","sunitinib 37.5 mg  +  intravitreal bevacizumab","*"]
["Chhaya Makhija ",2015,"United States",70,"m","Choroidal","incidentally found","papillary carcinoma","mediastinum, lungs, skin","6 years","breast cancer","*","right","*","*","*",8,"single","*","*","*"," showed an 8 mm right ocular choroidal mass","*","*","*","*","*","*"]
["Jan Bucerius",2008,"Germany",60,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA +  altered color vision","papillary carcinoma","lung, mediastinal lymph node, skin, bones (left proximal thigh and the left thorax)","3 years and 7 months","*","*","right","yes (retonal pigment epithelial detachment, serous retinal detachment)","craniolateral at the posterior\nside of the right globe",4.06,8.25,"single","yellowish prominent tumor at the posterior pole","retinal pigment epithelial detachment and an overlying unremarkable neuroretina with only a shallow serous retinal detachment"," high inner reflectivity with a prominence of 4.06 mm and a greatest linear dimension of 8.25 mm","*","*","yes","*","*","An external radiotherapy of the right globe was performed within a time period of one month (40 Gy)","*"]
["STEPHEN E. PALM",2007,"Netherland",42,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","medullary thyroid carcinoma (MEN 2b)","lungs, bones, mediastinum","10 months","adrenal (MEN)","*","bilateral","yes","Posterior pole",4,9.5,"multiple","Multiple yellow/ pale uveal masses with surrounding subretinal fluid in the posterior pole of the left eye.","*","presence of these lesions, surrounded by subretinal fluid, with a maximum base diameter of 9.5 mm and an elevation of 4.0 mm, Color Doppler ultrasonographic examination revealed marked tumor vascularization.","*","*","yes","0.4 RE, 0.15 LE","*","radiotherapy","*"]
["Usha Singh",2003,"India",70,"m","Choroidal+ iris","pain and decreased VA","papillary carcinoma","*","prior to diagnosis (as a first symptom)","*","*","left","yes (exudative)","posterior pole",8,12,"single","orange-coloured mass","*","mobile retinal detachment. There was also an echoluscent shadow behind the tumour in the orbit, suggesting an extrascleral spread","extrascleral extension",40,"yes","no light perception","*","*","tight clusters of tumour cells arranged in a papillary pattern, nuclear grooving, inclusion bodies giving a signet-ring appearance, Orphan Annie-eyed appearance","*"]
["Mohamed S. Al Hassan",2021,"Qatar",38,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","medullary thyroid carcinoma","lungs, liver, brain (pituitary gland, parafalcine, occipital lobe)","prior to diagnosis (as a first symptom)","*","left eye cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation since 9 months","right","yes (exudative)","parafoveal","*",13,"single","choroidal mass and retinal fluid","*","*","choroidal lesion in the right eye","*","yes","finger counting at 1m right, 6/6 left","*","*","*"]
["Jyotirmay Biswas",2000,"India",37,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","Clear cell thyroid carcinoma (non-specific)","*","prior to diagnosis (as a first symptom)","*","*","right","yes (exudative)","inferonasal quadrant","*",15.6,"single","large elevated yellow subretinal mass","*","subretinal mass lesion in the inferonasal quadrant","*","*","yes","light perception right ","enucleation","*","cells with clear cytoplasm and small nuclei. On Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining","*"]
["F. Rosário",2005,"Portugal",43,"m","Choroidal","blurred visual field","medullary thyroid carcinoma","lungs, liver, bones(vertebrae), mediastinal lymph nodes","8 years","*","*","left","*","*","*","*","single"," yellow choroidal mass","*","*","*","*","yes","3/10 left","*","external-beam radiotherapy of the left eye in a total of 30 Gy in 3 Gy fractions","*"]
["Fatma Hamza (case 1)",2015,"Tunisie",35,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA","follicular thyroid carcinoma","lungs, skin, bones (sacrum), mediastinum, liver, auricle ","10 years","*","*","right","*","postero-superior part","*","*","single","*","*","*","a tumor of the right choroid","*","*","*","*","ARI therapy","*"]
["W. Amouri",2013,"France",48,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA","follicular thyroid carcinoma","lungs, heart (left atrium), skin, cervical lymph nodes, liver, bone (sacrum)","5 years","*","*","right","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","*"]
["Nese Torun",2016,"Turkey",68,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA","papillary carcinoma","lungs, bones","*","*","*","left","*","*","*","*","single","*","*","*","*",13,"yes","no light perception","*","*","*"]
["Deepthi R. Seneviratne",2011,"United Kingdom",74,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA","follicular thyroid carcinoma","bones (right humerus, left clavicle) and lungs, skin","35 years","*","nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, previously undergone laser treatment in the left eye for diabetic maculopathy and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in the right eye, mild cortical cataract in the left eye. Intraocular pressures were normal","right","*","periphery of the superior temporal quadrant","*","*","single","yellow-orange choroidal lesion associated with superficial retinal hemorrhages ","*","*","*","normal","yes","20/30 right, 20/200 left","*","3 sessions of radiotherapy to the right eye","*"]
["Tevfik Ozpacaci",2012,"Turkey",76,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA","insular thyroid carcinoma","lungs","prior to diagnosis (as a first symptom)","*","none","right","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","12 right","*","*","*","*","tumor is structured with colloidal material in the lumen of follicles and atypical epithelial cells","*"]
["Fatma Hamza (case 2)",2015,"Tunisie",58,"m","Iridal","decreased VA","follicular thyroid carcinoma","lungs, bones","3 years","*","*","left","*","infranasal part of iris","*","*","single","angiomatous tumor occupying the infero-nasal quadrant of the anterior chamber, infiltrating the iris and distorting the pupil without inflammatory signs","*","*","*","*","yes","*","enuleation","(iridectomy + 131 Iodine ) --> finally enucleation"]
["H. Campbell",1938,"United Kingdom",66,"m","ciliary body","decreased VA","papillary carcinoma (columnar cell variant)","*","*","*","*","left","*","temporal side","*","*","single","*","*","*","*","*","yes","RE 6/6","enucleation","enucleation","*"]
["Fatma Hamza (case3)",2015,"Tunisie",65,"m","choroidal","incidentally found","follicular thyroid carcinoma","lungs, bones, mediastinum, brain","12 years","*","*","right","*","*","*","*","single","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","enuleation"]
["Małgorzata Gajdzis",2018,"France",47,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","medullary thyroid carcinoma","bones (sternum, ribs, and scapula), lungs, right parotid gland, mediastinal lymph nodes","33 years","*","*","bilateral","no","posterior pole","*","*","single","dome-shaped pale-yellow area in the left eye, ","*","*","*","*","yes","20/40 left","*","*","Smears were necrotic and moderately cellular showing dispersed polygonal and ovoid epithelioid cells of small to moderate size. Chromatin was dusty with minute nucleoli. Cytoplasm was scant and grayish"]
["Chacón González",2020,"Spain",78,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","papillary carcinoma","lungs","prior to diagnosis (as a first symptom)","*","*","right","no","posterior pole","*","*","single","orange-yellow coloured choroidal mass ","*","*","*",12,"yes","finger counting at 1m right and left","*","*","*"]
["Khoi TRAN",2011,"Australia",36,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA","papillary carcinoma","lungs, bones (L3 and others)","3 months","*","*","left","yes","temporal choroidal lesion","*","*","single","temporal choroidal lesion","*","*","exudative retinal detachment and intraglobal temporal mass",40,"yes","6/24 left","enucleation","radioactive iodine (6000MBq) + radiotherapy to the left eye (20 Gy in 5 fractions) + doxorubicin + sorafenib","Microscopic section showing papillary carcinoma involving the choroid.","*"]
["Darshan Patil",2014,"India",54,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA","follicular thyroid carcinoma","lungs, bones (occipital bone, D3/D4 vertebrae, sacrum, left scapula, midshaft of the right humerus, proximal ends of the bilateral femor, distal shaft of the right femur and distal phalanx of the left 5th digit)","*","*","*","left","yes","*","*","*","single","retinal detachment","*","*","*","*","yes","*","*","radioactive iodine","*"]
["M. Munteanu",2013,"Romania",62,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA","papillary carcinoma","lungs, mediastinum, liver, and bones","5 years","*","*","right","yes","temporal to the macula","*","*","multiple","three choroidal tumor nodules, well defined, white-yellow","prominence of the retina, areas of neuroepithelium detachment, and high reflective spots in the subretinal space","dome-shaped tumor nodule, with inhomogeneous echostructure and high reflectivity","*","*","yes","*","*","*","*"]
["A. Matrone",2021,"Italy",63,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","medullary thyroid carcinoma","lungs, liver, brain (cerebellum) mediastinum","10 years","*","*","bilateral","yes","*","*","*","*","*","lumpy bumpy, development of exudate, with consequent detachment of the neuroepithelium","*","*","*","yes","*","*","*","*"]
["Yonca Ozkan Arat",2007,"United States",83,"m","Choroidal+iridal","decreased VA","follicular thyroid carcinoma","brain (nodule at the superior aspect of the left cavernous sinus) bilateral hilar, lungs, liver, right renal, bones(multiple right lateral ribs, right scapula, and right proximal femoral shaf), skin, iris","prior to diagnosis (as a first symptom)","*","NO","bilateral","yes","one just superior and the second one nasal to the right optic disk, In the left fundus there was a large subretinal hemorrhage in the posterior pole with a central\nreddish vascular lesion","*","*","multiple","reddish, nodular lesion adjacent to the right side of the nose","*","*","contrast-enhancing lesion in the left iris and choroid","14 both","yes","20/40 right, finger counting at 2 feet left","*","*","*"]
["S. Padma",2013,"India",56,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA + diplopia in the right eye","papillary carcinoma","lungs, liver","6 months","*","*","right","yes","*","*","*","multiple","*","*","*","*",null,"*"," 6/24 right ","*","*","*"]
["Tu Tran",2022,"United States",52,"f","Choroidal+iridal","decreased VA","Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma","brain (occipital lobe)","8 months","serous borderline tumor of the left ovary, granulosa cell tumor in the right ovary ","*","left","yes (exudative)","posterior pole","*","*","single","*","*"," choroidal mass in the posterior pole with an overlying funnel-shaped retinal detachment","*","55 left, 14 right","yes","20/80 left, 20/20 right","enucleation (no light perception)","37.5 Gy fractionated external beam radiation therapy (EBRT)  ","neoplastic epithelioid cells with eosinophilic vacuolated cytoplasm involving the choroid + ","*"]
["P. Puri",2001,"United Kingdom",46,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","squamous cell carcinoma","*","2 years","*","*","left","yes (exudative)","temporal choroidal lesion","*","*","single","dome-shaped elevated single lesion","*","*","*","*","yes","6/6 right, 6/60 left","*","*","*"]
["Yunta Abarca",1999,"Spain",42,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","papilary carcinoma (tall cell variant)","bones (major trochanter and proximal diaphysis of the left femur, left humeral diaphysis),lungs, brain (third ventricle, right lobe), skin","4 years","*","*","left","yes (hemorrhagic)","*","*","*","single","*","*","cell growth being found in the choroid membrane by ultrasound","*","*","yes","*","*","External ocular radiotherapy was not effective","*"]
["M. Amir Ahmadi",2001,"United States",43,"f","Choroidal","decreased VA","papillary carcinoma","lungs, bones (multiple metastases to the thoracic and lumbar spine, sacrum, left and right femurs, right scapula), brain (occipital lobe)","30 years","*","NO","left","yes (near-total serous)","*","*","*","single","elevated peripapillary choroidal mass","*","An ocular sonogram\nshowed a choroidal mass with irregularly high internal\nreflectivity","*","*","yes","20/40 left and 1 of 11 Ishihara color plates","no light perception  ","three courses of systemic chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxe","*"]
["I. Chtourou",2006,"Tunisie",69,"m","Iridal","decreased VA","follicular thyroid carcinoma","bone (sternum)","3 years and 4 months","*","*","left","*","inferior iris",0.3,"0.7*0.5","single","*","*","*","*",12,"yes","3/10 LE, 6/10 RE","vision loss","iridectomy","tumoral proliferation made up of microfollicular structures, containing a dense, eosinophilic, PAS positive substance and lined with cubic cells with weakly eosinophilic cytoplasm and a slightly atypical round or oval nucleus"]
["Hayyam Kiratli",2013,"Turkey",62,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","papillary carcinoma","bone (sternum), lungs ","4 years","*","*","bilateral","yes( total serous in right, ","superior to the fovea and within the\ntemporal vascular arcades in left","6 right, 1.5 left","11 right, 6 left","single","solitary, reddish-pink choroidal mass  ","*"," intraocular tumor with orbital shadowing which\nprobably corresponds to the extraocular extension in right eye","*","45 right","yes","light perception right, 20/25 left","*","*","papillary excrescences and cystic spaces, The papillae were covered by columnar and cuboidal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasms  These cells had elongated nuclei and irregular nuclear contour","*"]
["Jonathan J. Dutton",1994,"United States",70,"m","Choroidal+ciliary body","decreased VA","Hurthle cell carcinoma","lungs","3 years","*","*","right","yes","nasal","*","12*13","single","RE: a large pigmented mass within the ciliary body, Several dilated sentinal episcleral vessels. A rounded mass behind the lens  LE: a macular hole","*","a solid mass with dense internal echoes and a gross collar-button-like configuration ","*","*","yes","20/60 RE,20/200 LE","*","125I radioactive episcleral plaque","showed abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large, pleomorphic, hyperchromatic nuclei that were eccentrically located. The nucleoplasm contained coarse chromatin and prominent nucleoli. Melanin was absent."]
["B. Daicker (case 2)",1980,"Switzerland",45,"m","Choroidal, ciliary body","not mentioned","medullary thyroid carcinoma","lungs, mediastinum, skin, liver, pancreas, lymph nodes","4 years","*","*","bilateral","yes","temporally below the\nMacula, upper papilla margin","*","17 (the first one), 6 (the second one) ","multiple","on of them in the upper papilla margin, orange-yellowish and hemispherically prominent, another one temporally below the Macula was yellow-white with pigment shifts on surface and edge and only slightly raised","*","*","*","*","yes","*","*","*"]
["J. S. Ritland",1999,"Norway",80,"f","Iridal","decreased VA","follicular thyroid carcinoma","lungs, mediastinum, ","*","*","*","left","*","*","*","19*15 ","single","large orangebrown tumour was found nasally. The tumour was dome-shaped, stretching backwards from the ora serrata to cover the optic disc visually","*","medium reflectivity within the tumour","*","*","yes","RE 6/10, LE 6/12","RE 6/10, LE 6/12 ","2 series of 131I radiotherapy","*"]
["ANCA M. AVRAM",2004,"United States",81,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","papillary carcinoma","lungs, bones (skull, mandible), skin, mediastinum","18 years","*","*","bilateral","*","superior peripheral retina, superior macula left","2 (largest) left","3 (largest) left","multiple","choroidal lesion typical of an ocular metastasis","*","*","*","*","yes","*","*","3.0 GBq radioactive iodine","*"]
["B. Daicker (case 1)",1980,"Switzerland",51,"m","Choroidal, iris, ciliary body","incidentally found","medullary thyroid carcinoma","bones (ribs, vertenrae), heart, parotid, lungs, brain (cerebellum)","5 years","*","*","bilateral","*","diffused","*","3 right (largest), 3 left (largest)","multiple","depigmentation in the retin of the left eye","*","*","*","*","*","*","*","Endoxan, vincristine, methotrexate, CCNV and hydroxyurea","right (multiple white, soft nodules on the surface 5 flat to\nslightly raised, 1.5-3 mm, bright, granular depigmented foci in the paracentral choroid), left (9 yellowish, slightly raised foci of Distributed 2-3 mm in diameter)"]
["Maria Grazia Fabrini",2009,"Italy",58,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","papillary carcinoma","*","12 years","*","retinal venous thrombosis in his left eye","bilateral","yes (in both eyes)","posterior pole closely to the macula in both eyes"," 1.25 right, 3.3 left","4.8 left","multiple","solid lesion localized in the posterior pole closely to the macula in the RE and a similar lesion in the posterior pole of the LE, hypertrophic areas of the retinal pigment epithelium related to the previous venous branch occlusion in LE","marked reduction in height of the neuroepithelium detachement in the right eye and a\ndisappearance of the temporal fluid in the left\neye",null,null,"15 both","yes","20/70 left, 20/25 right","20/20 right, 20/40 left","the lesion in the LE was treated with an episcleral 106Ru plaque brachytherapy, A week after plaque removal, an intra-vitreal injection of bevacizumab","*"]
["Robert Weisenthal",1989,"United States",82,"m","Iridal","pain and decreased VA","Follicular thyroid carcinoma","lungs, bones (vertebrae), mediastinum","*","*","*","left","*","superonasal ","*","5*2","single","*","*","*","*",14,"yes","*","*","radioactive iodine","*"]
["anisworth",1992,"United States",38,"f","Iridal","pain","follicular thyroid carcinoma","no","7 years","*","*","right","*","superotemporal iris","*","5*4","single","no inflammation of ant. Chamber",null,"B-scan ultrasonography demonstrated the solid nature of the lesion but was otherwise noncontributory.",null,null,"yes","*","20/60","Iridocyclectomy","excised tissue contained a 5x4x3- mm ovoid yellow-pink mass on a sector of iris. "]
["Jens Henrik Søndergaard Pedersen",2007,"Denmark",29,"f","Choroidal","corneal ulceration (referred)","medullary thyroid carcinoma (MEN 2b)","bones","*","*","keratoconjunctivitis sicca","bilateral","*","*","*","6  (largest)","multiple","creamywhite choroidal lesions","*","slightly elevated, solid choroidal masses with high internal reflectivity","*","*","*","*","*","*","*"]
["Ibrahim Yildiz",2011,"Turkey",63,"m","Choroidal","decreased VA","medullary thyroid carcinoma","lungs, bones, liver, mediastinum","6 months","*","*","bilateral","*","optic  disc  and  choroidal metastases right, posterior pole left","3 right, 0.7 left","6 right, 1 left","single","optic  disc  and  choroidal metastases right,  choroidal metastases of posterior pole left","*","*","*","*","yes","*","*","*","*"]
["Nikola Besic",2013,"Slovenia",69,"f","Choroidal","blurred visual field","follicular thyroid carcinoma","bones (5th lumbar vertebral metastasis, right femur and cranium),  mediastinal hilar lymph nodes, lungs","7 months","*","*","left","yes (exudative)","upper and lower nasal quadrant",5,"6.5  (largest)","multiple","exudative retinal detachment in the upper nasal quadrant with a solid lower detachment, which covered part of the papilla","*","*","a mass in the choroid of the left eye","*","yes","*","no light perception  ","external-beam radiation with a total dose of 40 Gy was performed + therapeutic dose of 7.55 GBq of 131I after rhTSH application","*"]
["Peter K. Lommatzsch",1994,"Germany",20,"f","ciliary body","flashing","follicular thyroid carcinoma","*","16 years","*","*","left","*","*","*","8.9*6.8","single","ilated episcleral vessel at the limbus, posterior lentic opacity",null,"solid peripheral lesion at 6 o'clock with a base of 8.9x6.8 mm and a maximum prominence of 4.6 mm.",null,"*","no","normal","normal","iridocyclectomy+ 131 iodine","follicles bordered by cubic flat cells and filled with colloid"]

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["author","Were patient’s demographic characteristics clearly\ndescribed?","Was the patient’s history clearly described and presented\nas a timeline?","as the current clinical condition of the patient on\npresentation clearly described?","Were diagnostic tests or assessment methods and the\nresults clearly described?","Was the intervention(s) or treatment procedure(s) clearly\ndescribed?","Was the post-intervention clinical condition clearly\ndescribed?","Were adverse events (harms) or unanticipated events\nidentified and described?","Does the case report provide takeaway lessons?"]