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1,12,101,13],[102,0,102,2],[102,4,102,5],[102,6,102,7],[102,10,102,11],[102,12,102,13],[103,0,103,2],[103,4,103,5],[103,6,103,7],[103,10,103,11],[103,12,103,13],[104,0,104,2],[104,4,104,5],[104,6,104,7],[104,10,104,11],[104,12,104,13],[105,0,105,2],[105,4,105,5],[105,6,105,7],[105,10,105,11],[105,12,105,13],[106,0,106,2],[106,4,106,5],[106,6,106,7],[106,10,106,11],[106,12,106,13],[107,0,107,2],[107,4,107,5],[107,6,107,7],[107,10,107,11],[107,12,107,13],[108,0,108,2],[108,4,108,5],[108,6,108,7],[108,10,108,11],[108,12,108,13],[109,0,109,2],[109,4,109,5],[109,6,109,7],[109,10,109,11],[109,12,109,13],[110,0,110,2],[110,4,110,5],[110,6,110,7],[110,10,110,11],[110,12,110,13],[111,0,111,2],[111,4,111,5],[111,6,111,7],[111,10,111,11],[111,12,111,13],[112,0,112,2],[112,4,112,5],[112,6,112,7],[112,10,112,11],[112,12,112,13],[113,0,113,2],[113,4,113,5],[113,6,113,7],[113,10,113,11],[113,12,113,13],[114,0,114,2],[114,4,114,5],[114,6,114,7],[114,10,114,11],[114,12,114,13],[115,0,115,2],[115,4,115,5],[115,6,115,7],[115,10,115,11],[115,12,115,13],[116,0,116,2],[116,4,116,5],[116,6,116,7],[116,10,116,11],[116,12,116,13],[117,0,117,2],[117,4,117,5],[117,6,117,7],[117,10,117,11],[117,12,117,13],[118,0,118,2],[118,4,118,5],[118,6,118,7],[118,10,118,11],[118,12,118,13],[119,0,119,2],[119,4,119,5],[119,6,119,7],[119,10,119,11],[119,12,119,13],[120,0,120,2],[120,4,120,5],[120,6,120,7],[120,10,120,11],[120,12,120,13],[126,0,127,13],[128,3,128,7],[128,9,128,13],[129,4,129,5],[129,6,129,7],[129,10,129,11],[129,12,129,13],[130,0,130,2],[130,4,130,5],[130,6,130,7],[130,10,130,11],[130,12,130,13],[131,0,131,2],[131,4,131,5],[131,6,131,7],[131,10,131,11],[131,12,131,13],[132,0,132,2],[132,4,132,5],[132,6,132,7],[132,10,132,11],[132,12,132,13],[133,0,133,2],[133,4,133,5],[133,6,133,7],[133,10,133,11],[133,12,133,13],[134,0,134,2],[134,4,134,5],[134,6,134,7],[134,10,134,11],[134,12,134,13],[135,0,135,2],[135,4,135,5],[135,6,135,7],[135,10,135,11],[135,12,135,13],[136,0,136,2],[136,4,136,5],[136,6,136,7],[136,10,136,11],[136,12,136,13],[137,0,137,2],[137,4,137,5],[137,6,137,7],[137,10,137,11],[137,12,137,13],[138,0,138,2],[138,4,138,5],[138,6,138,7],[138,10,138,11],[138,12,138,13],[139,0,139,2],[139,4,139,5],[139,6,139,7],[139,10,139,11],[139,12,139,13]],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Table 1  Baseline characteristics"]
[]
[null,null,"Total（n=108）",null,"Learning period（45 cases）",null,"Completion period（63 cases）",null,"P"]
["Gender（cases）",{"$nulls":7},0.247]
["Male",null,70,null,32,null,38]
["Female",null,38,null,13,null,25]
["Age（years）",null,"57.0±10.9",null,"56.3±12.0",null,"57.5±10.0",null,0.578]
["BMI（Kg/m²)",null,"23.0±3.3",null,"23.2±3.7",null,"22.9±3.0",null,0.633]
["ASA  classification",{"$nulls":7},0.278]
[1,null,9,null,5,null,4]
[2,null,91,null,38,null,53]
[3,null,7,null,2,null,5]
[4,null,0,null,0,null,0]
["Previous abdominal surgical history",{"$nulls":7},0.535]
["Yes",null,12,null,4,null,8]
["No",null,96,null,41,null,55]
["Neoadjuvant therapy",{"$nulls":7},0.16]
["Yes",null,37,null,12,null,25]
["No",null,71,null,33,null,38]
["CEA（ng/ml)",{"$nulls":7},0.781]
["Abnormal",null,23,null,9,null,14]
["Normal",null,85,null,36,null,49]
["CA19-9（U/ml）",{"$nulls":7},0.947]
["Abnormal",null,7,null,3,null,4]
["Normal",null,101,null,42,null,59]
["Intraoperative blood loss（ml）",null,"168.8±87.2",null,"204.7±99.7",null,"143.1±67.1",null,0]
["Number of harvested lymph nodes",null,"12.8±4.6",null,"13.3±4.5",null,"12.4±4.7",null,0.323]
["Distance of tumor from anal verge（cm）",null,"3.4±1.1",null,"3.2±0.9",null,"3.5±0.9",null,0.192]
["Distance of distal margin（cm）",null,"0.7±0.5",null,"0.6±0.4",null,"0.7±0.6",null,0.393]
["Maximum diameter of mass（cm）",null,"3.0±1.4",null,"3.1±1.7",null,"2.9±1.2",null,0.342]
["Tumor gross type",{"$nulls":7},0.683]
["No/Scar",null,10,null,5,null,5]
["Ulcerative ",null,61,null,23,null,38]
["Proliferated",null,36,null,16,null,20]
["Infiltrated",null,1,null,1,null,0]
["The degree of tumor differentiation",{"$nulls":7},0.672]
["No/Premalignant lesion",null,12,null,5,null,7]
["High differentiation",null,6,null,1,null,5]
["Medium differentiation",null,83,null,36,null,47]
["Low differentiation",null,7,null,3,null,4]
["T stage",{"$nulls":7},0.559]
[0,null,6,null,3,null,3]
[1,null,22,null,9,null,13]
[2,null,52,null,23,null,29]
[3,null,28,null,10,null,18]
[4,null,0,null,0,null,0]
["N stage",{"$nulls":7},0.448]
[0,null,89,null,35,null,54]
[1,null,16,null,9,null,7]
[2,null,3,null,1,null,2]
["M  stage"]
[0,null,108,null,45,null,63]
[1,null,0,null,0,null,0]
["TNM Comprehensive staging",{"$nulls":7},0.642]
[0,null,6,null,3,null,3]
["Ⅰ",null,66,null,27,null,39]
["Ⅱ",null,18,null,5,null,13]
["Ⅲ",null,18,null,10,null,8]
["Ⅳ",null,0,null,0,null,0]
["Postoperative complications",{"$nulls":7},0.432]
["Yes",null,18,null,9,null,9]
["No",null,90,null,36,null,54]
["Postoperative infection",{"$nulls":7},0.217]
["Yes",null,10,null,6,null,4]
["No",null,98,null,39,null,59]
["Classification of complications",{"$nulls":7},0.825]
[0,null,90,null,36,null,54]
["Ⅰ",null,3,null,3,null,0]
["Ⅱ",null,14,null,6,null,8]
["Ⅲ",null,1,null,0,null,1]
["Ⅳ",null,0,null,0,null,0]
["Ⅴ",null,0,null,0,null,0]
["flatus and defecation time（days）",null,"2.1±0.6",null,"2.3±0.4",null,"2.1±0.6",null,0]
["Postoperative liquid diet time（days）",null,"2.6±0.6",null,"2.7±0.5",null,"2.5±0.7",null,0]
["Postoperative hospital stay（days）",null,"6.2±2.6",null,"6.9±2.9",null,"5.6±2.2",null,0.002]
["Closure of stoma",{"$nulls":7},0.201]
["Yes",null,102,null,44,null,58]
["No",null,6,null,1,null,5]
["Duration of stoma（Median months）",null,8,null,7,null,9,null,0.044]
["PFS3",null,"95/108; 88.0%",null,"38/45; 84.4%",null,"57/63；90.5%",null,0.342]
["OS3",null,"101/108;  93.5%",null,"40/45;  88.9%",null,"61/63;  96.8%",null,0]
["Values are reported as mean±SD or as median and interquartile range"]
[" CEA > 5ng / ml and CA19-9 > 37U / ml were judged as abnormal"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
["Table 2  Univariate analysis of influencing factors of CSPO operation time"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"A  VS  B",{"$nulls":5},"B VS  C"]
[{"$nulls":3},"OR","95%CI",null,"P",null,null,"OR","95%CI",null,"P"]
["Age（》65 years）",null,null,2.105,"0.706~6.280",null,0.182,null,null,1.75,"0.571~5.360",null,0.327]
["Gender（male）",null,null,0.727,"0.280~1.887",null,0.513,null,null,1,"0.375~2.664",null,1]
["BMI（》25 Kg/m²）",null,null,1.203,"0.431~3.356",null,0.724,null,null,1.203,"0.431~3.356",null,0.724]
["Previous abdominal surgical history（yes）",null,null,0.357,"0.098~1.300",null,0.118,null,null,2.653,"0.294-23.922",null,0.385]
["Distance of tumor from anal verge（cm）"]
["2≦",null,null,1,{"$nulls":5},1]
["2<＊<4",null,null,0.197,"0.049~0.790",null,0.022,{"$nulls":3},"0.064-1.425",null,0.13]
["≧4",null,null,0.46,"0.159~1.328",null,0.151,{"$nulls":3},"0.105-0.867",null,0.026]
["Maximum diameter of mass（cm）"]
["2≦",null,null,1,{"$nulls":5},1]
["2<＊<4",null,null,1.591,"0.395~6.407",null,0.514,null,null,1.909,"0.563-6.477",null,0.3]
["≧4",null,null,0.625,"0.181~2.155",null,0.457,null,null,1.455,"0.454-4.655",null,0.528]
["ASA  classification",null,null,2.57,"0.812~8.132",null,0.108,null,null,1.123,"0.353-3.567",null,0.845]
["Neoadjuvant therapy（yes）",null,null,4.6,"1.4~15.117",null,0.012,null,null,1.6,"0.610-4.139",null,0.339]
["CEA（》5ng/ml)",null,null,1.395,"0.440~4.424",null,0.572,null,null,1.395,"0.440-4.424",null,0.572]
["CA19-9  (》37U/ml)",null,null,0.308,"0.048~1.964",null,0.213,null,null,0.481,"0.064-3.614",null,0.477]
["T stage"]
["T0",null,null,1,{"$nulls":5},1]
["T1",null,null,1.436,"0.00~2.176",null,0.999,null,null,1.974,"0-2.324",null,0.999]
["T2",null,null,1,"0.260~3.845",null,1,null,null,2.2,"0.54-8.957",null,0.27]
["T3",null,null,2.424,"0.747~7.862",null,0.14,null,null,3.333,"1.088-10.211",null,0.035]
["N stage"]
["N0",null,null,1,{"$nulls":5},1]
["N1",null,null,1.119,"0.096~13.032",null,0.928,null,null,0,"0-2.221",null,0.999]
["N2",null,null,0.615,"0.034~7.452",null,0.615,null,null,0,"0-2.324",null,0.999]
["TNM Comprehensive staging"]
[0,null,null,1,{"$nulls":5},1]
["Ⅰ",null,null,1.615,"0~2.157",null,0.999,null,null,1.615,"0-2.221",null,0.999]
["Ⅱ",null,null,2.059,"0.577~7.341",null,0.266,null,null,2.5,"0.688-9.084",null,0.164]
["Ⅲ",null,null,1.75,"0.329~9.298",null,0.511,null,null,1,"0.214-4.674",null,1]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
["Table 3  Multivariate analysis of influencing factors of CSPO operation time"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"A  VS  B",{"$nulls":5},"B VS  C"]
[{"$nulls":3},"OR","95%CI",null,"P",null,null,"OR","95%CI",null,"P"]
["Distance of tumor from anal verge（cm）"]
["2≦",null,null,1,{"$nulls":5},1]
["2<＊<4",null,null,2.388,"0.548-10.404",null,0.246,null,null,1.15,"0.207-6.387",null,0.873]
["≧4",null,null,5.18,"1.086-24.701",null,0.039,null,null,4.677,"0.785-27.867",null,0.09]
["Neoadjuvant therapy（yes）",null,null,2.973,"0.793-11.143",null,0.106,null,null,0.902,"0.282-2.888",null,0.863]
["T stage"]
["T0",null,null,1,{"$nulls":5},1]
["T1",null,null,1.097,"0-1.253",null,0.999,null,null,2.63,"0-2.324",null,0.999]
["T2",null,null,0.81,"0.175-3.759",null,0.788,null,null,1.599,"0.317-8.068",null,0.57]
["T3",null,null,2.018,"0.557-7.316",null,0.285,null,null,4.378,"1.239-15.470",null,0.022]