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\title{Supplementary Material}

\begin{document}
	
	\maketitle
	
	\section*{Supplementary Material}
	
	This supplementary document contains the appendix tables, model equations, variable definitions, parameter descriptions, and additional materials supporting the manuscript.


\section*{Appendix}
\setcounter{table}{0}
\renewcommand{\thetable}{A\arabic{table}}

\begin{table}[h]
	
	\textbf{AppendixA.Model Variables}
	
	
	\textbf{A1.Defining Model System }
	
	
	\begin{tabular}{l p{10cm}}
		\hline
		\textbf{Variable} & \textbf{Description} \\
		\hline
		
		
		$Y(i)$ & Composite factor \\
		$F(h,i)$ & h-th factor input used by the i-th firm \\
		$X(i,j)$ & Intermediate input \\
		$P(i,k)$ & Total domestic sales \\
		$Z(j)$ & Output of the j-th good \\
		$X_p(i)$ & Household consumption of the i-th good \\
		$X_g(i)$ & Government consumption \\
		$X_v(i)$ & Investment demand \\
		$E(i)$ & Exports \\
		$M(i)$ & Imports \\
		$Q(i)$ & Armington composite good \\
		$DXs(i)$ & Domestic sector supply function \\
		$DXd(j)$ & Domestic good demand function \\
		
		$pf(h)$ & H-th factor price \\
		$py(l)$ & Composite factor price \\
		$pz(i)$ & Supply price of the good \\
		$pm(i)$ & Import price in local currency \\
		$pq(i)$ & Armington composite good price \\
		$pe(i)$ & Export price in local currency \\
		$pd(i)$ & Domestic production price \\
		
		$\epsilon$ & Exchange rate \\
		$S_p$ & Private saving \\
		$S_g$ & Government saving \\
		$S_c$ & Company saving \\
		$S_e$ & Foreign saving \\
		
		$GX$ & Total goverment consumption \\
		$R$ & HOH subsidy revenues \\
		$BI$ & HOH revenues \\
		$FH(h)$ & HOH factor revenues \\
		
		$Td$ & Direct tax rate \\
		$T(i,k)$ & Production tax \\
		$SUB(i)$ & Subsidy \\
		$TM(k)$ & Import tax rate \\
		$UU$ & Utility (fictitious) \\
		
		\hline
	\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\textbf{AppendixB.  Basic CGE Equations Based on GAMS}

\textbf{B1. International Trade}

\begin{align}
	p_i^e &= \varepsilon p_i^{We} \quad \forall i \\
	p_i^m &= \varepsilon p_i^{Wm} \quad \forall i \\
	\sum_i p_i^{We} E_i + Sf &= \sum_i p_i^{Wm} M_i
\end{align}

\setcounter{equation}{3}

\textbf{B2. Armington Composite}

\begin{align}
	Q_i &= \gamma_i \left( \delta_{mi} M_i^{\eta_i} + \delta_{di} D_i^{\eta_i} \right)^{\frac{1}{\eta_i}} \quad \forall i \\
	M_i &= \left[ \frac{\gamma_i^{\eta_i} \delta_{mi} p_i^q}{(1+\tau_i^m)\,p_i^m} \right]^{\frac{1}{1-\eta_i}} Q_i \quad \forall i \\
	D_i &= \left[ \frac{\gamma_i^{\eta_i} \delta_{di} p_i^q}{p_i^d} \right]^{\frac{1}{1-\eta_i}} Q_i \quad \forall i
\end{align}

\setcounter{equation}{6}

\textbf{B3. Transformation between exports and domestic goods}

\begin{align}
	Z_i &= \theta_i \left( \xi_{ei} E_i^{\phi_i} + \xi_{di} D_i^{\phi_i} \right)^{\frac{1}{\phi_i}} \quad \forall i \\
	E_i &= \left[ \frac{\theta_i^{\phi_i} \xi_{ei} (1+\tau_i^z) p_i^z}{p_i^e} \right]^{\frac{1}{1-\phi_i}} Z_i \quad \forall i \\
	D_i &= \left[ \frac{\theta_i^{\phi_i} \xi_{di} (1+\tau_i^z) p_i^z}{p_i^d} \right]^{\frac{1}{1-\phi_i}} Z_i \quad \forall i
\end{align}

\setcounter{equation}{9}

\textbf{B4. Domestic Production}
\begin{align}
	Y_j &= b_j \prod_h F_{h,j}^{\beta_{h,j}} \quad \forall j \\
	F_{h,j} &= \frac{\beta_{h,j} p_j^y}{p_h^f} \, Y_j \quad \forall h,j \\
	X_{i,j} &= ax_{i,j} Z_j \quad \forall i,j \\
	Y_j &= ay_j Z_j \quad \forall j \\
	p_j^z &= ay_j p_j^y + \sum_i ax_{i,j} p_i^q \quad \forall j
\end{align}

\setcounter{equation}{14}

\textbf{B5.Goverment}

\begin{align}
	T^d &= \tau^d \sum_h p_h^f FF_h \\
	T_j^z &= \tau_j^z \, p_j^z \, Z_j \quad \forall j \\
	T_i^m &= \tau_i^m \, p_i^m \, M_i \quad \forall i
\end{align}

\setcounter{equation}{17}

\textbf{B6.Investment and saving}

\begin{align}
	X_i^v &= \frac{\lambda_i}{p_i^q} \left( S^p + S^g + \varepsilon S^f \right) \quad \forall i \\
	S^p &= ss^p \sum_h p_h^f FF_h \\
	S^g &= ss^g \left( T^d + \sum_j T_j^z + \sum_j T_j^m \right)
\end{align}

\setcounter{equation}{20}
\textbf{B7.Household}

\begin{align}
	X_i^p &= \frac{\alpha_i}{p_i^q} \left( \sum_h p_h^f FF_h - S^p - T^d \right) \quad \forall i
\end{align}

\clearpage

\noindent\textbf{Appendix C. Overview of Intermediate Input Structure}

\vspace{0.5em}

\noindent\textbf{C1. Sectoral Intermediate Input Data}
\begin{table}[h]
	
	
	\centering
	\small
	
	
	
	
	\begin{tabular}{l|cccc|cccc|c}
		\hline
		\multirow{2}{*}{Sector} 
		& \multicolumn{4}{c|}{Sec. Intm. Inp. (Base)} 
		& \multicolumn{4}{c|}{Sec. Intem. Inp. (Scen.)} 
		& \multirow{2}{*}{Change} \\
		\cline{2-9}
		& Inds. & Serv.& Engy. & Trans. 
		& Inds. & Serv. & Enegy. & Trans. & \\
		\hline
		
		Inds. 
		& 10.335 & 3.928 & 1.282 & 404 
		& 10.335 & 3.944 & 1.284 & 365 
		& 0 \\
		
		Serv. 
		& 1.178 & 4.698 & 167 & 492 
		& 1.178 & 4.718 & 168 & 445 
		& 0.42 \\
		
		Engy. 
		& 755 & 1.164 & 1.444 & 598 
		& 755 & 1.169 & 1.445 & 540 
		& 0.09 \\
		
		Trans. 
		& 339 & 650 & 34 & 790 
		& 339 & 653 & 34 & 714 
		& -9.56 \\
		
		\hline
		Total 
		& 12.607 & 10.441 & 2.928 & 2.283 
		& 12.607 & 10.485 & 2.930 & 2.065 
		& -0.60 \\
		\hline
		
	\end{tabular}
	
\end{table}

\clearpage

\noindent\textbf{Appendix D. Overview of Factor Use in the Economy}

\vspace{0.4em}

\noindent\textbf{D1. Sectoral Factor Use Intensities}

\vspace{0.6em}

\begin{table}[h]
	\raggedright
	\small
	\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}} l l c c c}
		\hline
		& Sec./Fac. &Lab. & Cap. & Tot. \\
		\hline
		
		\multirow{4}{*}{Fac. Use (Base)}
		& Inds.  & 1.892 & 5.449 & 7.340 \\
		& Serv.  & 5.335 & 8.538 & 13.873 \\
		& Engy.    & 128   & 619   & 747 \\
		& Trans. & 401   & 2.053 & 2.454 \\
		
		\hline
		
		\multirow{4}{*}{Fact. Use (Scen)}
		& Inds.  & 1.892 & 5.449 & 7.340 \\
		& Serv.  & 5.357 & 8.574 & 13.931 \\
		& Engy.    & 128   & 620   & 748 \\
		& Trans. & 440   & 2.255 & 2.695 \\
		
		\hline
		
		\multirow{4}{*}{Fac. Intenst.}
		& Inds.  & 25.8 & 74.2 & 100 \\
		& Serv.  & 38.5 & 61.5 & 100 \\
		& Engy.    & 17.2 & 82.8 & 100 \\
		& Trans. & 16.3 & 83.7 & 100 \\
		
		\hline
		
		\multirow{1}{*}{Tot. Fac. Intenst. (Base)}
		& Tot. & 31.7 & 68.3 & 100 \\
		
		\hline
		
		\multirow{1}{*}{Tot. Fac. Intenst. (Scen.)}
		& Total & 31.6 & 68.4 & 100 \\
		
		\hline
	\end{tabular*}
\end{table}

\end{document}