INSTACARE Baseline Paper — Tables & Figures

Black American vs. Haitian American Adults with HIV in Miami (JIMH manuscript)

Author

Yue Pan (Analyst) · PI: Sonjia Kenya

Published

June 21, 2026

Source of truth. This file is a self-contained extract of the project’s analysis.qmd derivation and table code, scoped to the JIMH baseline manuscript (Social Determinants of Health Among Black and Haitian Adults with HIV in Miami). It reads the same REDCap export and reproduces Table 1, the doctor–patient communication table, and the HIV stigma table, plus two publication figures. Numbers match Instacare Results 03222026.html. Rendered to HTML and DOCX so the tables/figures can be dropped into the manuscript.

1 Data preparation

Analysis sample: N = 147 (110 Black American, 37 Haitian American = 25.2%). All continuous comparisons use Wilcoxon rank-sum tests; categorical comparisons use Fisher’s exact test.

2 Table 1. Baseline demographics, SDOH, and clinical characteristics

Characteristic

Overall
N = 1471

Black American
N = 1101

Haitian American
N = 371

p-value2

Age (years)

47 (13)

46 (13)

51 (14)

0.032

Sex at birth

0.7

Male

83 (56%)

61 (55%)

22 (59%)

Female

64 (44%)

49 (45%)

15 (41%)

Education level

0.3

Less than High School

68 (46%)

48 (44%)

20 (54%)

High School or More

79 (54%)

62 (56%)

17 (46%)

Insurance status

0.8

Uninsured

19 (14%)

15 (15%)

4 (11%)

Insured

119 (86%)

88 (85%)

31 (89%)

Primary language not English

<0.001

No

97 (66%)

95 (86%)

2 (5.4%)

Yes

50 (34%)

15 (14%)

35 (95%)

Speaks Haitian Kreyòl

<0.001

No

106 (72%)

104 (95%)

2 (5.4%)

Yes

41 (28%)

6 (5.5%)

35 (95%)

Housing instability

0.023

No

79 (54%)

53 (48%)

26 (70%)

Yes

68 (46%)

57 (52%)

11 (30%)

Any food insecurity

0.3

No

45 (31%)

31 (28%)

14 (38%)

Yes

102 (69%)

79 (72%)

23 (62%)

Transportation barrier

0.083

No

83 (57%)

67 (61%)

16 (44%)

Yes

62 (43%)

42 (39%)

20 (56%)

Utility shutoff threatened

0.8

No

129 (88%)

97 (88%)

32 (86%)

Yes

18 (12%)

13 (12%)

5 (14%)

Financial hardship

0.2

No

33 (23%)

28 (26%)

5 (14%)

Yes

113 (77%)

81 (74%)

32 (86%)

Any interpersonal violence

<0.001

No

74 (51%)

46 (43%)

28 (76%)

Yes

71 (49%)

62 (57%)

9 (24%)

Positive depression screen (PHQ-2 ≥3)

0.010

Negative Screen

106 (73%)

73 (67%)

33 (89%)

Positive Screen

40 (27%)

36 (33%)

4 (11%)

Alcohol use (past 3 months)

0.001

No

95 (65%)

63 (58%)

32 (86%)

Yes

51 (35%)

46 (42%)

5 (14%)

Tobacco use (past 3 months)

<0.001

No

85 (58%)

51 (46%)

34 (92%)

Yes

62 (42%)

59 (54%)

3 (8.1%)

Illicit drug use (past 3 months)

<0.001

No

99 (67%)

65 (59%)

34 (92%)

Yes

48 (33%)

45 (41%)

3 (8.1%)

Viral load (copies/mL)

24,500 (2,900, 86,900)

24,650 (3,130, 89,600)

24,100 (1,610, 81,100)

0.9

Log₁₀ viral load

4.20 (1.03)

4.21 (1.03)

4.18 (1.05)

0.9

High viral load (>100,000 copies/mL)

0.8

<= 100,000 copies/mL

115 (78%)

85 (77%)

30 (81%)

> 100,000 copies/mL

32 (22%)

25 (23%)

7 (19%)

HIV stigma total score (12–48)

28.7 (7.7)

29.0 (7.5)

27.5 (8.1)

0.2

Doctor–patient communication score (0–45)

41.4 (6.5)

40.7 (7.1)

43.5 (3.1)

0.074

1Mean (SD); n (%); Median (Q1, Q3)

2Wilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher's exact test

3 Table 2. Doctor–patient communication by group

DPC item — mean (SD)

Black American
N = 1101

Haitian American
N = 371

p-value2

Total DPC score (0–45)

40.73 (7.13)

43.46 (3.11)

0.074

Doctor listened carefully

2.72 (0.61)

2.89 (0.39)

0.081

Doctor allowed you to talk without interrupting

2.70 (0.75)

2.86 (0.42)

0.3

Doctor encouraged you to express yourself

2.62 (0.82)

2.70 (0.85)

0.3

Doctor examined you thoroughly

2.73 (0.62)

3.00 (0.00)

0.004

Doctor understood you

2.77 (0.57)

2.95 (0.33)

0.030

Easy to understand what doctor said

2.65 (0.71)

2.78 (0.53)

0.3

Doctor gave necessary information

2.76 (0.63)

2.97 (0.16)

0.040

Doctor explained pros/cons of treatment

2.76 (0.59)

2.97 (0.16)

0.025

Doctor involved you in decision-making

2.54 (0.94)

2.86 (0.42)

0.072

Doctor had reassuring attitude

2.52 (0.95)

2.84 (0.69)

0.013

Doctor was respectful

2.82 (0.53)

3.00 (0.00)

0.018

Doctor ensured you understood instructions

2.84 (0.48)

3.00 (0.00)

0.030

Doctor told the whole truth

2.78 (0.55)

2.76 (0.49)

0.6

Confidence in doctor

2.79 (0.51)

2.86 (0.42)

0.4

Doctor addressed all concerns

2.76 (0.59)

3.00 (0.00)

0.007

1Mean (SD)

2Wilcoxon rank sum test

Item scale: 0 = No (not at all) to 3 = Yes (absolutely). Higher = better communication. Several Haitian items are at ceiling (3.00, SD 0.00); interpret the group difference cautiously.

4 Table 3. HIV stigma by group

Stigma item — mean (SD)

Black American
N = 1101

Haitian American
N = 371

p-value2

Total stigma score (12–48)

29.05 (7.54)

27.50 (8.09)

0.2

Enacted subscale (items 1–3)

5.94 (2.75)

4.31 (2.28)

<0.001

Anticipated subscale (items 4–6)

8.76 (2.27)

9.51 (2.52)

0.052

Community subscale (items 7–9)

8.08 (2.55)

7.76 (2.93)

0.5

Internalized subscale (items 10–12)

6.28 (2.74)

6.00 (3.05)

0.5

People avoid touching me

1.98 (1.02)

1.51 (0.87)

0.009

People stopped calling me

2.02 (1.03)

1.42 (0.87)

<0.001

Lost friends due to HIV

1.94 (1.05)

1.42 (0.81)

0.006

Telling someone is risky

2.85 (1.08)

2.68 (1.25)

0.5

Work hard to keep HIV secret

2.65 (1.09)

3.46 (0.96)

<0.001

Careful who I tell

3.26 (0.88)

3.38 (1.04)

0.2

Treated like outcasts

2.63 (1.04)

2.49 (1.12)

0.5

People believe HIV+ are dirty

2.72 (0.99)

2.51 (1.15)

0.3

People uncomfortable around HIV+

2.74 (0.95)

2.76 (1.12)

0.8

Feel guilty because I have HIV

2.16 (1.12)

2.22 (1.25)

>0.9

People's attitudes make me feel worse

2.16 (1.10)

1.89 (1.07)

0.2

Feel I'm not as good a person

1.93 (1.03)

1.89 (1.15)

0.6

1Mean (SD)

2Wilcoxon rank sum test

Item scale: 1 = Strongly Disagree to 4 = Strongly Agree. Higher = greater stigma.

5 Figure 1. Key social/behavioral differences by group

Prevalence of key SDOH and behavioral indicators by study group.

6 Figure 2. HIV stigma subscales by group

HIV stigma subscale scores (mean ± 95% CI). Total stigma does not differ, but enacted and anticipated subscales diverge.

7 Session info

sessionInfo()
R version 4.6.0 (2026-04-24)
Platform: aarch64-apple-darwin23
Running under: macOS Tahoe 26.5.1

Matrix products: default
BLAS:   /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.6/Resources/lib/libRblas.0.dylib 
LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.6/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dylib;  LAPACK version 3.12.1

locale:
[1] C.UTF-8/C.UTF-8/C.UTF-8/C/C.UTF-8/C.UTF-8

time zone: Asia/Shanghai
tzcode source: internal

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

other attached packages:
 [1] scales_1.4.0     labelled_2.16.0  flextable_0.9.11 gtsummary_2.5.0 
 [5] rio_1.3.0        here_1.0.2       lubridate_1.9.5  forcats_1.0.1   
 [9] stringr_1.6.0    dplyr_1.2.1      purrr_1.2.2      readr_2.2.0     
[13] tidyr_1.3.2      tibble_3.3.1     ggplot2_4.0.3    tidyverse_2.0.0 
[17] conflicted_1.2.0

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] gtable_0.3.6            xfun_0.57               htmlwidgets_1.6.4      
 [4] tzdb_0.5.0              vctrs_0.7.3             tools_4.6.0            
 [7] generics_0.1.4          R.oo_1.27.1             pkgconfig_2.0.3        
[10] data.table_1.18.4       RColorBrewer_1.1-3      S7_0.2.2               
[13] uuid_1.2-2              lifecycle_1.0.5         compiler_4.6.0         
[16] farver_2.1.2            textshaping_1.0.5       fontquiver_0.2.1       
[19] fontLiberation_0.1.0    htmltools_0.5.9         yaml_2.3.12            
[22] pillar_1.11.1           R.utils_2.13.0          openssl_2.4.0          
[25] cachem_1.1.0            fontBitstreamVera_0.1.1 tidyselect_1.2.1       
[28] zip_2.3.3               digest_0.6.39           stringi_1.8.7          
[31] labeling_0.4.3          rprojroot_2.1.1         fastmap_1.2.0          
[34] grid_4.6.0              cli_3.6.6               magrittr_2.0.5         
[37] cards_0.7.1             patchwork_1.3.2         broom_1.0.12           
[40] withr_3.0.2             backports_1.5.1         gdtools_0.5.0          
[43] cardx_0.3.2             timechange_0.4.0        rmarkdown_2.31         
[46] officer_0.7.4           otel_0.2.0              R.methodsS3_1.8.2      
[49] askpass_1.2.1           ragg_1.5.2              hms_1.1.4              
[52] memoise_2.0.1           evaluate_1.0.5          knitr_1.51             
[55] haven_2.5.5             rlang_1.2.0             Rcpp_1.1.1-1.1         
[58] glue_1.8.1              xml2_1.5.2              jsonlite_2.0.0         
[61] R6_2.6.1                systemfonts_1.3.2